Sobolev inequality cannot hold for all compactly supported smooth functions











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I am on a course on Sobolev Spaces and we had this as an exercise:



Let $1leq p<n$ and $q< p^*$, where $p^*=(pn)/(n-p)$. Show that



$||u||_{L^q(mathbb{R}^n)}leq C(q,p,n)||nabla u||_{L^p(mathbb{R}^n)}$



cannot hold for all $uin C_0^infty(mathbb{R}^n).$



We were given a hint that if we take some $uin C_0^infty(mathbb{R}^n)$ and then scale the variable inside, then we could show this. But I am at a loss, and don't know how to use the hint.










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  • You mean that q is strictly smaller than $p^star$, right?
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Oct 31 at 9:26










  • Yes, I had a typo, thank you :)
    – Janne Nurminen
    yesterday















up vote
0
down vote

favorite












I am on a course on Sobolev Spaces and we had this as an exercise:



Let $1leq p<n$ and $q< p^*$, where $p^*=(pn)/(n-p)$. Show that



$||u||_{L^q(mathbb{R}^n)}leq C(q,p,n)||nabla u||_{L^p(mathbb{R}^n)}$



cannot hold for all $uin C_0^infty(mathbb{R}^n).$



We were given a hint that if we take some $uin C_0^infty(mathbb{R}^n)$ and then scale the variable inside, then we could show this. But I am at a loss, and don't know how to use the hint.










share|cite|improve this question
























  • You mean that q is strictly smaller than $p^star$, right?
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Oct 31 at 9:26










  • Yes, I had a typo, thank you :)
    – Janne Nurminen
    yesterday













up vote
0
down vote

favorite









up vote
0
down vote

favorite











I am on a course on Sobolev Spaces and we had this as an exercise:



Let $1leq p<n$ and $q< p^*$, where $p^*=(pn)/(n-p)$. Show that



$||u||_{L^q(mathbb{R}^n)}leq C(q,p,n)||nabla u||_{L^p(mathbb{R}^n)}$



cannot hold for all $uin C_0^infty(mathbb{R}^n).$



We were given a hint that if we take some $uin C_0^infty(mathbb{R}^n)$ and then scale the variable inside, then we could show this. But I am at a loss, and don't know how to use the hint.










share|cite|improve this question















I am on a course on Sobolev Spaces and we had this as an exercise:



Let $1leq p<n$ and $q< p^*$, where $p^*=(pn)/(n-p)$. Show that



$||u||_{L^q(mathbb{R}^n)}leq C(q,p,n)||nabla u||_{L^p(mathbb{R}^n)}$



cannot hold for all $uin C_0^infty(mathbb{R}^n).$



We were given a hint that if we take some $uin C_0^infty(mathbb{R}^n)$ and then scale the variable inside, then we could show this. But I am at a loss, and don't know how to use the hint.







sobolev-spaces






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edited yesterday

























asked Oct 17 at 13:00









Janne Nurminen

34




34












  • You mean that q is strictly smaller than $p^star$, right?
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Oct 31 at 9:26










  • Yes, I had a typo, thank you :)
    – Janne Nurminen
    yesterday


















  • You mean that q is strictly smaller than $p^star$, right?
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Oct 31 at 9:26










  • Yes, I had a typo, thank you :)
    – Janne Nurminen
    yesterday
















You mean that q is strictly smaller than $p^star$, right?
– Giuseppe Negro
Oct 31 at 9:26




You mean that q is strictly smaller than $p^star$, right?
– Giuseppe Negro
Oct 31 at 9:26












Yes, I had a typo, thank you :)
– Janne Nurminen
yesterday




Yes, I had a typo, thank you :)
– Janne Nurminen
yesterday










1 Answer
1






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votes

















up vote
1
down vote



accepted










Hint: For fixed $u in C_c^infty$, consider $u_t$ defined by $u_t(x) = u(tx)$ for $t>0$. Then express the norms of $u_t$ in the Sobolev inequality by scaled versions of the norms of $u$.






share|cite|improve this answer





















  • On the left I get the same norm? And on the right I get t times everything? I don't see where this leads?
    – Janne Nurminen
    Oct 17 at 16:29












  • Now let $tto 0$ or $tto infty$.
    – daw
    Oct 17 at 18:45










  • So now if $tto 0$ and the norm of u is positive (say 1) then the inequality doesn't work. But why do we assume that $q≤p^*$? I don't understand why the same conclusion would not surface with $p^*$.
    – Janne Nurminen
    Oct 18 at 5:24










  • The parameters do not play a role, as the right hand side is $|nabla u|_{L^p}$ and not $|u|_{W^{1,p}}$. The inequality is false on unbounded domains regardless of parameters $p,q,n$.
    – daw
    Oct 18 at 6:34













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1 Answer
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1 Answer
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active

oldest

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active

oldest

votes








up vote
1
down vote



accepted










Hint: For fixed $u in C_c^infty$, consider $u_t$ defined by $u_t(x) = u(tx)$ for $t>0$. Then express the norms of $u_t$ in the Sobolev inequality by scaled versions of the norms of $u$.






share|cite|improve this answer





















  • On the left I get the same norm? And on the right I get t times everything? I don't see where this leads?
    – Janne Nurminen
    Oct 17 at 16:29












  • Now let $tto 0$ or $tto infty$.
    – daw
    Oct 17 at 18:45










  • So now if $tto 0$ and the norm of u is positive (say 1) then the inequality doesn't work. But why do we assume that $q≤p^*$? I don't understand why the same conclusion would not surface with $p^*$.
    – Janne Nurminen
    Oct 18 at 5:24










  • The parameters do not play a role, as the right hand side is $|nabla u|_{L^p}$ and not $|u|_{W^{1,p}}$. The inequality is false on unbounded domains regardless of parameters $p,q,n$.
    – daw
    Oct 18 at 6:34

















up vote
1
down vote



accepted










Hint: For fixed $u in C_c^infty$, consider $u_t$ defined by $u_t(x) = u(tx)$ for $t>0$. Then express the norms of $u_t$ in the Sobolev inequality by scaled versions of the norms of $u$.






share|cite|improve this answer





















  • On the left I get the same norm? And on the right I get t times everything? I don't see where this leads?
    – Janne Nurminen
    Oct 17 at 16:29












  • Now let $tto 0$ or $tto infty$.
    – daw
    Oct 17 at 18:45










  • So now if $tto 0$ and the norm of u is positive (say 1) then the inequality doesn't work. But why do we assume that $q≤p^*$? I don't understand why the same conclusion would not surface with $p^*$.
    – Janne Nurminen
    Oct 18 at 5:24










  • The parameters do not play a role, as the right hand side is $|nabla u|_{L^p}$ and not $|u|_{W^{1,p}}$. The inequality is false on unbounded domains regardless of parameters $p,q,n$.
    – daw
    Oct 18 at 6:34















up vote
1
down vote



accepted







up vote
1
down vote



accepted






Hint: For fixed $u in C_c^infty$, consider $u_t$ defined by $u_t(x) = u(tx)$ for $t>0$. Then express the norms of $u_t$ in the Sobolev inequality by scaled versions of the norms of $u$.






share|cite|improve this answer












Hint: For fixed $u in C_c^infty$, consider $u_t$ defined by $u_t(x) = u(tx)$ for $t>0$. Then express the norms of $u_t$ in the Sobolev inequality by scaled versions of the norms of $u$.







share|cite|improve this answer












share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer










answered Oct 17 at 13:04









daw

23.8k1544




23.8k1544












  • On the left I get the same norm? And on the right I get t times everything? I don't see where this leads?
    – Janne Nurminen
    Oct 17 at 16:29












  • Now let $tto 0$ or $tto infty$.
    – daw
    Oct 17 at 18:45










  • So now if $tto 0$ and the norm of u is positive (say 1) then the inequality doesn't work. But why do we assume that $q≤p^*$? I don't understand why the same conclusion would not surface with $p^*$.
    – Janne Nurminen
    Oct 18 at 5:24










  • The parameters do not play a role, as the right hand side is $|nabla u|_{L^p}$ and not $|u|_{W^{1,p}}$. The inequality is false on unbounded domains regardless of parameters $p,q,n$.
    – daw
    Oct 18 at 6:34




















  • On the left I get the same norm? And on the right I get t times everything? I don't see where this leads?
    – Janne Nurminen
    Oct 17 at 16:29












  • Now let $tto 0$ or $tto infty$.
    – daw
    Oct 17 at 18:45










  • So now if $tto 0$ and the norm of u is positive (say 1) then the inequality doesn't work. But why do we assume that $q≤p^*$? I don't understand why the same conclusion would not surface with $p^*$.
    – Janne Nurminen
    Oct 18 at 5:24










  • The parameters do not play a role, as the right hand side is $|nabla u|_{L^p}$ and not $|u|_{W^{1,p}}$. The inequality is false on unbounded domains regardless of parameters $p,q,n$.
    – daw
    Oct 18 at 6:34


















On the left I get the same norm? And on the right I get t times everything? I don't see where this leads?
– Janne Nurminen
Oct 17 at 16:29






On the left I get the same norm? And on the right I get t times everything? I don't see where this leads?
– Janne Nurminen
Oct 17 at 16:29














Now let $tto 0$ or $tto infty$.
– daw
Oct 17 at 18:45




Now let $tto 0$ or $tto infty$.
– daw
Oct 17 at 18:45












So now if $tto 0$ and the norm of u is positive (say 1) then the inequality doesn't work. But why do we assume that $q≤p^*$? I don't understand why the same conclusion would not surface with $p^*$.
– Janne Nurminen
Oct 18 at 5:24




So now if $tto 0$ and the norm of u is positive (say 1) then the inequality doesn't work. But why do we assume that $q≤p^*$? I don't understand why the same conclusion would not surface with $p^*$.
– Janne Nurminen
Oct 18 at 5:24












The parameters do not play a role, as the right hand side is $|nabla u|_{L^p}$ and not $|u|_{W^{1,p}}$. The inequality is false on unbounded domains regardless of parameters $p,q,n$.
– daw
Oct 18 at 6:34






The parameters do not play a role, as the right hand side is $|nabla u|_{L^p}$ and not $|u|_{W^{1,p}}$. The inequality is false on unbounded domains regardless of parameters $p,q,n$.
– daw
Oct 18 at 6:34




















 

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