$D_3oplus D_4$ not isomorphic to $D_{24}$












2














We need to prove that $D_{3} oplus D_{4}$ is not isomorphic to $D_{24}$ .



The way in which I approach such type of questions is to count the number of elements of order $x$ in one group and then in the other group, and then conclude that they aren't equal and hence there can't be any isomorphism between them.



But this approach here doesn't look easy, with $D_{24}$ involved.



Could anyone suggest another way of solving this ?










share|cite|improve this question




















  • 3




    Well, you need to start with the right order. $x = 24$ is a good choice to start with.
    – Daniel Fischer
    Sep 16 '15 at 11:11






  • 1




    Yes, $a^{12} =1 $ for all $ain D_3 times D_4$.
    – peter a g
    Sep 16 '15 at 11:57










  • What I found is that$D_{3} oplus D_{4}$ has no element of order $24$.. And I have no idea about $D_{24}$ , could you please help me further ? @DanielFischer
    – User9523
    Sep 16 '15 at 13:56






  • 2




    You don't need to know how many elements of order $24$ there are in $D_{24}$. It suffices if you know that the number is not $0$. But in $D_n$, there always is an element of order $n$, so done.
    – Daniel Fischer
    Sep 16 '15 at 13:59










  • Got it.. Thanks :) @DanielFischer
    – User9523
    Sep 16 '15 at 15:57
















2














We need to prove that $D_{3} oplus D_{4}$ is not isomorphic to $D_{24}$ .



The way in which I approach such type of questions is to count the number of elements of order $x$ in one group and then in the other group, and then conclude that they aren't equal and hence there can't be any isomorphism between them.



But this approach here doesn't look easy, with $D_{24}$ involved.



Could anyone suggest another way of solving this ?










share|cite|improve this question




















  • 3




    Well, you need to start with the right order. $x = 24$ is a good choice to start with.
    – Daniel Fischer
    Sep 16 '15 at 11:11






  • 1




    Yes, $a^{12} =1 $ for all $ain D_3 times D_4$.
    – peter a g
    Sep 16 '15 at 11:57










  • What I found is that$D_{3} oplus D_{4}$ has no element of order $24$.. And I have no idea about $D_{24}$ , could you please help me further ? @DanielFischer
    – User9523
    Sep 16 '15 at 13:56






  • 2




    You don't need to know how many elements of order $24$ there are in $D_{24}$. It suffices if you know that the number is not $0$. But in $D_n$, there always is an element of order $n$, so done.
    – Daniel Fischer
    Sep 16 '15 at 13:59










  • Got it.. Thanks :) @DanielFischer
    – User9523
    Sep 16 '15 at 15:57














2












2








2


1





We need to prove that $D_{3} oplus D_{4}$ is not isomorphic to $D_{24}$ .



The way in which I approach such type of questions is to count the number of elements of order $x$ in one group and then in the other group, and then conclude that they aren't equal and hence there can't be any isomorphism between them.



But this approach here doesn't look easy, with $D_{24}$ involved.



Could anyone suggest another way of solving this ?










share|cite|improve this question















We need to prove that $D_{3} oplus D_{4}$ is not isomorphic to $D_{24}$ .



The way in which I approach such type of questions is to count the number of elements of order $x$ in one group and then in the other group, and then conclude that they aren't equal and hence there can't be any isomorphism between them.



But this approach here doesn't look easy, with $D_{24}$ involved.



Could anyone suggest another way of solving this ?







abstract-algebra group-theory dihedral-groups






share|cite|improve this question















share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Nov 27 '18 at 21:35









davidlowryduda

74.4k7117251




74.4k7117251










asked Sep 16 '15 at 11:07









User9523

9701823




9701823








  • 3




    Well, you need to start with the right order. $x = 24$ is a good choice to start with.
    – Daniel Fischer
    Sep 16 '15 at 11:11






  • 1




    Yes, $a^{12} =1 $ for all $ain D_3 times D_4$.
    – peter a g
    Sep 16 '15 at 11:57










  • What I found is that$D_{3} oplus D_{4}$ has no element of order $24$.. And I have no idea about $D_{24}$ , could you please help me further ? @DanielFischer
    – User9523
    Sep 16 '15 at 13:56






  • 2




    You don't need to know how many elements of order $24$ there are in $D_{24}$. It suffices if you know that the number is not $0$. But in $D_n$, there always is an element of order $n$, so done.
    – Daniel Fischer
    Sep 16 '15 at 13:59










  • Got it.. Thanks :) @DanielFischer
    – User9523
    Sep 16 '15 at 15:57














  • 3




    Well, you need to start with the right order. $x = 24$ is a good choice to start with.
    – Daniel Fischer
    Sep 16 '15 at 11:11






  • 1




    Yes, $a^{12} =1 $ for all $ain D_3 times D_4$.
    – peter a g
    Sep 16 '15 at 11:57










  • What I found is that$D_{3} oplus D_{4}$ has no element of order $24$.. And I have no idea about $D_{24}$ , could you please help me further ? @DanielFischer
    – User9523
    Sep 16 '15 at 13:56






  • 2




    You don't need to know how many elements of order $24$ there are in $D_{24}$. It suffices if you know that the number is not $0$. But in $D_n$, there always is an element of order $n$, so done.
    – Daniel Fischer
    Sep 16 '15 at 13:59










  • Got it.. Thanks :) @DanielFischer
    – User9523
    Sep 16 '15 at 15:57








3




3




Well, you need to start with the right order. $x = 24$ is a good choice to start with.
– Daniel Fischer
Sep 16 '15 at 11:11




Well, you need to start with the right order. $x = 24$ is a good choice to start with.
– Daniel Fischer
Sep 16 '15 at 11:11




1




1




Yes, $a^{12} =1 $ for all $ain D_3 times D_4$.
– peter a g
Sep 16 '15 at 11:57




Yes, $a^{12} =1 $ for all $ain D_3 times D_4$.
– peter a g
Sep 16 '15 at 11:57












What I found is that$D_{3} oplus D_{4}$ has no element of order $24$.. And I have no idea about $D_{24}$ , could you please help me further ? @DanielFischer
– User9523
Sep 16 '15 at 13:56




What I found is that$D_{3} oplus D_{4}$ has no element of order $24$.. And I have no idea about $D_{24}$ , could you please help me further ? @DanielFischer
– User9523
Sep 16 '15 at 13:56




2




2




You don't need to know how many elements of order $24$ there are in $D_{24}$. It suffices if you know that the number is not $0$. But in $D_n$, there always is an element of order $n$, so done.
– Daniel Fischer
Sep 16 '15 at 13:59




You don't need to know how many elements of order $24$ there are in $D_{24}$. It suffices if you know that the number is not $0$. But in $D_n$, there always is an element of order $n$, so done.
– Daniel Fischer
Sep 16 '15 at 13:59












Got it.. Thanks :) @DanielFischer
– User9523
Sep 16 '15 at 15:57




Got it.. Thanks :) @DanielFischer
– User9523
Sep 16 '15 at 15:57










3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes


















6














Here is a stronger result (related to this thread). I claim that the dihedral group $D_n$ is decomposable if and only if $nequiv 2pmod{4}$. (In particular, when $n=24$, we have $nnotequiv 2pmod{4}$, so $D_n=D_{24}$ is indecomposable, so you can't write $D_{24}=D_3times D_4$.) The case $nin{1,2}$ is easy. We now assume that $ngeq 3$.



If $D_n=Atimes B$ for some non-trivial subgroups $A$ and $B$, then $A$ and $B$ are normal subgroups of $D_n$, and $Acap B={1}$. Write $D_n=langle R,Frangle$, where $R^n=F^2=1$ and $(RF)^2=1$ as given here. Then, the normal subgroups of $D_n$ are




  • $n$ odd: $langle R^drangle$ where $d$ is a divisor of $n$;


  • $n$ even: $langle R^drangle$ where $d$ is a divisor of $n$, and two more $langle R^2,Frangle$ and $langle R^2,RFrangle$.



So, if $n$ is odd, then both $A$ and $B$ are subgroups of the cyclic subgroup $langle Rrangle$, which means $A$ and $B$ are abelian, and so $D_n=Atimes B$ is abelian, which is a contradiciton.



If $ngeq 4$ is even, then exactly one of $A$ and $B$ takes the form $langle R^2,Frangle$ or $langle R^2,RFrangle$. WLOG, $A$ is of such a form. Then, $Acong D_{n/2}$. So, $B$ must be isomorphic to the cyclic group $C_2$ of order $2$.



If $nequiv 2pmod{4}$, then we can take $A=langle R^2,Frangle$ and $B=langle R^{n/2}rangle$ to see that $$D_n=Atimes Bcong D_{n/2}times C_2.$$ In fact, there are exactly two ways to decompose $D_n$ into a direct product of non-trivial subgroups:
$$D_n=langle R^2,Frangle times langle R^{n/2}rangle$$
and
$$D_n=langle R^2,RFrangle times langle R^{n/2}rangle.$$



If $4mid n$, then all elements of order $2$ of $D_n$ are $R^{n/2}$ and $R^kF$. But the subgroup generated by $R^kF$ is not normal, and $R^{n/2} in A$ because $frac{n}{2}$ is even. Therefore, $A$ and $B$ cannot exist. Hence, $D_n$ is indecomposable when $4mid n$.






share|cite|improve this answer































    4














    Hint The group $D_{24}$ (usually denoted $D_{48}$) has an element of order $24$. Does $D_3 times D_4$?






    share|cite|improve this answer

















    • 2




      Maximum possible order of element in $D_{3} = 3$ and in $D_{4}=4$. So maximum possible order of element in $D_{3}oplus D_{4} = lcm(3,4)= 12$. Will this work?
      – So Lo
      Nov 20 '18 at 14:54












    • Yes!$!!!!!$
      – Travis
      Nov 20 '18 at 15:06



















    0














    HINT: Look at the commutator subgroups of elements of order three in both groups.






    share|cite|improve this answer





















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      3 Answers
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      3 Answers
      3






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      active

      oldest

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      6














      Here is a stronger result (related to this thread). I claim that the dihedral group $D_n$ is decomposable if and only if $nequiv 2pmod{4}$. (In particular, when $n=24$, we have $nnotequiv 2pmod{4}$, so $D_n=D_{24}$ is indecomposable, so you can't write $D_{24}=D_3times D_4$.) The case $nin{1,2}$ is easy. We now assume that $ngeq 3$.



      If $D_n=Atimes B$ for some non-trivial subgroups $A$ and $B$, then $A$ and $B$ are normal subgroups of $D_n$, and $Acap B={1}$. Write $D_n=langle R,Frangle$, where $R^n=F^2=1$ and $(RF)^2=1$ as given here. Then, the normal subgroups of $D_n$ are




      • $n$ odd: $langle R^drangle$ where $d$ is a divisor of $n$;


      • $n$ even: $langle R^drangle$ where $d$ is a divisor of $n$, and two more $langle R^2,Frangle$ and $langle R^2,RFrangle$.



      So, if $n$ is odd, then both $A$ and $B$ are subgroups of the cyclic subgroup $langle Rrangle$, which means $A$ and $B$ are abelian, and so $D_n=Atimes B$ is abelian, which is a contradiciton.



      If $ngeq 4$ is even, then exactly one of $A$ and $B$ takes the form $langle R^2,Frangle$ or $langle R^2,RFrangle$. WLOG, $A$ is of such a form. Then, $Acong D_{n/2}$. So, $B$ must be isomorphic to the cyclic group $C_2$ of order $2$.



      If $nequiv 2pmod{4}$, then we can take $A=langle R^2,Frangle$ and $B=langle R^{n/2}rangle$ to see that $$D_n=Atimes Bcong D_{n/2}times C_2.$$ In fact, there are exactly two ways to decompose $D_n$ into a direct product of non-trivial subgroups:
      $$D_n=langle R^2,Frangle times langle R^{n/2}rangle$$
      and
      $$D_n=langle R^2,RFrangle times langle R^{n/2}rangle.$$



      If $4mid n$, then all elements of order $2$ of $D_n$ are $R^{n/2}$ and $R^kF$. But the subgroup generated by $R^kF$ is not normal, and $R^{n/2} in A$ because $frac{n}{2}$ is even. Therefore, $A$ and $B$ cannot exist. Hence, $D_n$ is indecomposable when $4mid n$.






      share|cite|improve this answer




























        6














        Here is a stronger result (related to this thread). I claim that the dihedral group $D_n$ is decomposable if and only if $nequiv 2pmod{4}$. (In particular, when $n=24$, we have $nnotequiv 2pmod{4}$, so $D_n=D_{24}$ is indecomposable, so you can't write $D_{24}=D_3times D_4$.) The case $nin{1,2}$ is easy. We now assume that $ngeq 3$.



        If $D_n=Atimes B$ for some non-trivial subgroups $A$ and $B$, then $A$ and $B$ are normal subgroups of $D_n$, and $Acap B={1}$. Write $D_n=langle R,Frangle$, where $R^n=F^2=1$ and $(RF)^2=1$ as given here. Then, the normal subgroups of $D_n$ are




        • $n$ odd: $langle R^drangle$ where $d$ is a divisor of $n$;


        • $n$ even: $langle R^drangle$ where $d$ is a divisor of $n$, and two more $langle R^2,Frangle$ and $langle R^2,RFrangle$.



        So, if $n$ is odd, then both $A$ and $B$ are subgroups of the cyclic subgroup $langle Rrangle$, which means $A$ and $B$ are abelian, and so $D_n=Atimes B$ is abelian, which is a contradiciton.



        If $ngeq 4$ is even, then exactly one of $A$ and $B$ takes the form $langle R^2,Frangle$ or $langle R^2,RFrangle$. WLOG, $A$ is of such a form. Then, $Acong D_{n/2}$. So, $B$ must be isomorphic to the cyclic group $C_2$ of order $2$.



        If $nequiv 2pmod{4}$, then we can take $A=langle R^2,Frangle$ and $B=langle R^{n/2}rangle$ to see that $$D_n=Atimes Bcong D_{n/2}times C_2.$$ In fact, there are exactly two ways to decompose $D_n$ into a direct product of non-trivial subgroups:
        $$D_n=langle R^2,Frangle times langle R^{n/2}rangle$$
        and
        $$D_n=langle R^2,RFrangle times langle R^{n/2}rangle.$$



        If $4mid n$, then all elements of order $2$ of $D_n$ are $R^{n/2}$ and $R^kF$. But the subgroup generated by $R^kF$ is not normal, and $R^{n/2} in A$ because $frac{n}{2}$ is even. Therefore, $A$ and $B$ cannot exist. Hence, $D_n$ is indecomposable when $4mid n$.






        share|cite|improve this answer


























          6












          6








          6






          Here is a stronger result (related to this thread). I claim that the dihedral group $D_n$ is decomposable if and only if $nequiv 2pmod{4}$. (In particular, when $n=24$, we have $nnotequiv 2pmod{4}$, so $D_n=D_{24}$ is indecomposable, so you can't write $D_{24}=D_3times D_4$.) The case $nin{1,2}$ is easy. We now assume that $ngeq 3$.



          If $D_n=Atimes B$ for some non-trivial subgroups $A$ and $B$, then $A$ and $B$ are normal subgroups of $D_n$, and $Acap B={1}$. Write $D_n=langle R,Frangle$, where $R^n=F^2=1$ and $(RF)^2=1$ as given here. Then, the normal subgroups of $D_n$ are




          • $n$ odd: $langle R^drangle$ where $d$ is a divisor of $n$;


          • $n$ even: $langle R^drangle$ where $d$ is a divisor of $n$, and two more $langle R^2,Frangle$ and $langle R^2,RFrangle$.



          So, if $n$ is odd, then both $A$ and $B$ are subgroups of the cyclic subgroup $langle Rrangle$, which means $A$ and $B$ are abelian, and so $D_n=Atimes B$ is abelian, which is a contradiciton.



          If $ngeq 4$ is even, then exactly one of $A$ and $B$ takes the form $langle R^2,Frangle$ or $langle R^2,RFrangle$. WLOG, $A$ is of such a form. Then, $Acong D_{n/2}$. So, $B$ must be isomorphic to the cyclic group $C_2$ of order $2$.



          If $nequiv 2pmod{4}$, then we can take $A=langle R^2,Frangle$ and $B=langle R^{n/2}rangle$ to see that $$D_n=Atimes Bcong D_{n/2}times C_2.$$ In fact, there are exactly two ways to decompose $D_n$ into a direct product of non-trivial subgroups:
          $$D_n=langle R^2,Frangle times langle R^{n/2}rangle$$
          and
          $$D_n=langle R^2,RFrangle times langle R^{n/2}rangle.$$



          If $4mid n$, then all elements of order $2$ of $D_n$ are $R^{n/2}$ and $R^kF$. But the subgroup generated by $R^kF$ is not normal, and $R^{n/2} in A$ because $frac{n}{2}$ is even. Therefore, $A$ and $B$ cannot exist. Hence, $D_n$ is indecomposable when $4mid n$.






          share|cite|improve this answer














          Here is a stronger result (related to this thread). I claim that the dihedral group $D_n$ is decomposable if and only if $nequiv 2pmod{4}$. (In particular, when $n=24$, we have $nnotequiv 2pmod{4}$, so $D_n=D_{24}$ is indecomposable, so you can't write $D_{24}=D_3times D_4$.) The case $nin{1,2}$ is easy. We now assume that $ngeq 3$.



          If $D_n=Atimes B$ for some non-trivial subgroups $A$ and $B$, then $A$ and $B$ are normal subgroups of $D_n$, and $Acap B={1}$. Write $D_n=langle R,Frangle$, where $R^n=F^2=1$ and $(RF)^2=1$ as given here. Then, the normal subgroups of $D_n$ are




          • $n$ odd: $langle R^drangle$ where $d$ is a divisor of $n$;


          • $n$ even: $langle R^drangle$ where $d$ is a divisor of $n$, and two more $langle R^2,Frangle$ and $langle R^2,RFrangle$.



          So, if $n$ is odd, then both $A$ and $B$ are subgroups of the cyclic subgroup $langle Rrangle$, which means $A$ and $B$ are abelian, and so $D_n=Atimes B$ is abelian, which is a contradiciton.



          If $ngeq 4$ is even, then exactly one of $A$ and $B$ takes the form $langle R^2,Frangle$ or $langle R^2,RFrangle$. WLOG, $A$ is of such a form. Then, $Acong D_{n/2}$. So, $B$ must be isomorphic to the cyclic group $C_2$ of order $2$.



          If $nequiv 2pmod{4}$, then we can take $A=langle R^2,Frangle$ and $B=langle R^{n/2}rangle$ to see that $$D_n=Atimes Bcong D_{n/2}times C_2.$$ In fact, there are exactly two ways to decompose $D_n$ into a direct product of non-trivial subgroups:
          $$D_n=langle R^2,Frangle times langle R^{n/2}rangle$$
          and
          $$D_n=langle R^2,RFrangle times langle R^{n/2}rangle.$$



          If $4mid n$, then all elements of order $2$ of $D_n$ are $R^{n/2}$ and $R^kF$. But the subgroup generated by $R^kF$ is not normal, and $R^{n/2} in A$ because $frac{n}{2}$ is even. Therefore, $A$ and $B$ cannot exist. Hence, $D_n$ is indecomposable when $4mid n$.







          share|cite|improve this answer














          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer








          edited Nov 20 '18 at 19:35

























          answered Nov 20 '18 at 15:12









          Zvi

          4,770430




          4,770430























              4














              Hint The group $D_{24}$ (usually denoted $D_{48}$) has an element of order $24$. Does $D_3 times D_4$?






              share|cite|improve this answer

















              • 2




                Maximum possible order of element in $D_{3} = 3$ and in $D_{4}=4$. So maximum possible order of element in $D_{3}oplus D_{4} = lcm(3,4)= 12$. Will this work?
                – So Lo
                Nov 20 '18 at 14:54












              • Yes!$!!!!!$
                – Travis
                Nov 20 '18 at 15:06
















              4














              Hint The group $D_{24}$ (usually denoted $D_{48}$) has an element of order $24$. Does $D_3 times D_4$?






              share|cite|improve this answer

















              • 2




                Maximum possible order of element in $D_{3} = 3$ and in $D_{4}=4$. So maximum possible order of element in $D_{3}oplus D_{4} = lcm(3,4)= 12$. Will this work?
                – So Lo
                Nov 20 '18 at 14:54












              • Yes!$!!!!!$
                – Travis
                Nov 20 '18 at 15:06














              4












              4








              4






              Hint The group $D_{24}$ (usually denoted $D_{48}$) has an element of order $24$. Does $D_3 times D_4$?






              share|cite|improve this answer












              Hint The group $D_{24}$ (usually denoted $D_{48}$) has an element of order $24$. Does $D_3 times D_4$?







              share|cite|improve this answer












              share|cite|improve this answer



              share|cite|improve this answer










              answered Nov 20 '18 at 14:52









              Travis

              59.7k767146




              59.7k767146








              • 2




                Maximum possible order of element in $D_{3} = 3$ and in $D_{4}=4$. So maximum possible order of element in $D_{3}oplus D_{4} = lcm(3,4)= 12$. Will this work?
                – So Lo
                Nov 20 '18 at 14:54












              • Yes!$!!!!!$
                – Travis
                Nov 20 '18 at 15:06














              • 2




                Maximum possible order of element in $D_{3} = 3$ and in $D_{4}=4$. So maximum possible order of element in $D_{3}oplus D_{4} = lcm(3,4)= 12$. Will this work?
                – So Lo
                Nov 20 '18 at 14:54












              • Yes!$!!!!!$
                – Travis
                Nov 20 '18 at 15:06








              2




              2




              Maximum possible order of element in $D_{3} = 3$ and in $D_{4}=4$. So maximum possible order of element in $D_{3}oplus D_{4} = lcm(3,4)= 12$. Will this work?
              – So Lo
              Nov 20 '18 at 14:54






              Maximum possible order of element in $D_{3} = 3$ and in $D_{4}=4$. So maximum possible order of element in $D_{3}oplus D_{4} = lcm(3,4)= 12$. Will this work?
              – So Lo
              Nov 20 '18 at 14:54














              Yes!$!!!!!$
              – Travis
              Nov 20 '18 at 15:06




              Yes!$!!!!!$
              – Travis
              Nov 20 '18 at 15:06











              0














              HINT: Look at the commutator subgroups of elements of order three in both groups.






              share|cite|improve this answer


























                0














                HINT: Look at the commutator subgroups of elements of order three in both groups.






                share|cite|improve this answer
























                  0












                  0








                  0






                  HINT: Look at the commutator subgroups of elements of order three in both groups.






                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  HINT: Look at the commutator subgroups of elements of order three in both groups.







                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  share|cite|improve this answer



                  share|cite|improve this answer










                  answered Nov 20 '18 at 14:48









                  Josué Tonelli-Cueto

                  3,6721027




                  3,6721027






























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