How do I prove that A∩B∩C can be zero?












0












$begingroup$


I have a situation where,



n(A)=a
n(B)=b
n(C)=c

n(A∩B)=x
n(B∩C)=y
n(C∩A)=z

where a,b,c,x,y,z>0


Although I do understand that A∩B∩C can be {0,min(x,y,z)} but how do I prove that it can attain the value 0?










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    If you understand why $Acap Bcap C$ can be anything between $0$ and $min(x,y,z)$ then you know how it can be $0$.
    $endgroup$
    – fleablood
    Jan 8 at 0:16
















0












$begingroup$


I have a situation where,



n(A)=a
n(B)=b
n(C)=c

n(A∩B)=x
n(B∩C)=y
n(C∩A)=z

where a,b,c,x,y,z>0


Although I do understand that A∩B∩C can be {0,min(x,y,z)} but how do I prove that it can attain the value 0?










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    If you understand why $Acap Bcap C$ can be anything between $0$ and $min(x,y,z)$ then you know how it can be $0$.
    $endgroup$
    – fleablood
    Jan 8 at 0:16














0












0








0





$begingroup$


I have a situation where,



n(A)=a
n(B)=b
n(C)=c

n(A∩B)=x
n(B∩C)=y
n(C∩A)=z

where a,b,c,x,y,z>0


Although I do understand that A∩B∩C can be {0,min(x,y,z)} but how do I prove that it can attain the value 0?










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




I have a situation where,



n(A)=a
n(B)=b
n(C)=c

n(A∩B)=x
n(B∩C)=y
n(C∩A)=z

where a,b,c,x,y,z>0


Although I do understand that A∩B∩C can be {0,min(x,y,z)} but how do I prove that it can attain the value 0?







elementary-set-theory






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share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Jan 8 at 1:15









Andrés E. Caicedo

65.3k8158247




65.3k8158247










asked Jan 8 at 0:01









asds_asdsasds_asds

61




61








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    If you understand why $Acap Bcap C$ can be anything between $0$ and $min(x,y,z)$ then you know how it can be $0$.
    $endgroup$
    – fleablood
    Jan 8 at 0:16














  • 1




    $begingroup$
    If you understand why $Acap Bcap C$ can be anything between $0$ and $min(x,y,z)$ then you know how it can be $0$.
    $endgroup$
    – fleablood
    Jan 8 at 0:16








1




1




$begingroup$
If you understand why $Acap Bcap C$ can be anything between $0$ and $min(x,y,z)$ then you know how it can be $0$.
$endgroup$
– fleablood
Jan 8 at 0:16




$begingroup$
If you understand why $Acap Bcap C$ can be anything between $0$ and $min(x,y,z)$ then you know how it can be $0$.
$endgroup$
– fleablood
Jan 8 at 0:16










3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes


















2












$begingroup$

Just find three sets with this property: you're just trying to show that it can happen, so one example is sufficient.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Yes that'd definitely work, I was just looking for some general proof , if there is one. Just the way I can prove min(x,y,z) for the upper bound I'd like a proof for the lower bound.
    $endgroup$
    – asds_asds
    Jan 8 at 0:06












  • $begingroup$
    I can't conceive of any useful way to define "general proof" that doesn't include an example in this case.
    $endgroup$
    – user3482749
    Jan 8 at 0:19










  • $begingroup$
    min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
    $endgroup$
    – fleablood
    Jan 8 at 1:02



















1












$begingroup$

$min(x,y,z)$ was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be $0$ is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.



There are eight DISJOINT sets that combine to make the whole enchilada. They are (using the notation $M'$ to mean the compliment of $M$)



$A cap B cap C$ and $Acap B cap C'$ and $A cap B' cap C$ and $A cap B' cap C'$ and $A' cap B cap C$ and $A'cap B cap C'$ and $A' cap B' cap C$ and $A' cap B' cap C'$.



Any of these sets can contain any elements you desire so long as they are disjoint. Simply leave $A cap Bcap C$ empty.



You will have



$A cap B = (Acap B cap C) cup (Acap Bcap C')$ so just make sure $Acap Bcap C$ has no elements and $Acap B cap C'$ has $x$ elements.



$Bcap C = (Acap B cap C)cup (A'cap Bcap C)$ so make sure $(A'cap Bcap C)$ has $y$ elements.



$Acap C = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap B' cap C)$ so make sure $(Acap B' cap C)$ has $z$ elements.



Then $A = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap Bcap C') cup (Acap B' cap C)cup (Acap B'cap C')$. You can fill $Acap B'cap C'$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $k$ elements and you have $|A| = a = x+z + k$.



Then $B = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap Bcap C') cup (A'cap B cap C)cup (Acap Bcap C')$. You can fill $A'cap Bcap C'$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $j$ elements and you have $|B| = b = x+y + j$.



Then $C = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap B'cap C) cup (A'cap B cap C)cup (A'cap B'cap C)$. You can fill $A'cap B'cap C$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $m$ elements and you have $|C| = c = y+z + m$.



And that's it. That's a proof.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$





















    1












    $begingroup$

    "How do I prove that $A cap B cap C$ can be zero?"



    Sometimes a figure is worth a thousand words:



    enter image description here






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$













    • $begingroup$
      Indeed it is. Thanks for the figure, I had the same figure in mind I was just wondering if there was a way I could prove it just the way the upper bound min(x,y,z) is proved.
      $endgroup$
      – asds_asds
      Jan 8 at 0:25










    • $begingroup$
      min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
      $endgroup$
      – fleablood
      Jan 8 at 1:01













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    3 Answers
    3






    active

    oldest

    votes








    3 Answers
    3






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    2












    $begingroup$

    Just find three sets with this property: you're just trying to show that it can happen, so one example is sufficient.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$













    • $begingroup$
      Yes that'd definitely work, I was just looking for some general proof , if there is one. Just the way I can prove min(x,y,z) for the upper bound I'd like a proof for the lower bound.
      $endgroup$
      – asds_asds
      Jan 8 at 0:06












    • $begingroup$
      I can't conceive of any useful way to define "general proof" that doesn't include an example in this case.
      $endgroup$
      – user3482749
      Jan 8 at 0:19










    • $begingroup$
      min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
      $endgroup$
      – fleablood
      Jan 8 at 1:02
















    2












    $begingroup$

    Just find three sets with this property: you're just trying to show that it can happen, so one example is sufficient.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$













    • $begingroup$
      Yes that'd definitely work, I was just looking for some general proof , if there is one. Just the way I can prove min(x,y,z) for the upper bound I'd like a proof for the lower bound.
      $endgroup$
      – asds_asds
      Jan 8 at 0:06












    • $begingroup$
      I can't conceive of any useful way to define "general proof" that doesn't include an example in this case.
      $endgroup$
      – user3482749
      Jan 8 at 0:19










    • $begingroup$
      min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
      $endgroup$
      – fleablood
      Jan 8 at 1:02














    2












    2








    2





    $begingroup$

    Just find three sets with this property: you're just trying to show that it can happen, so one example is sufficient.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$



    Just find three sets with this property: you're just trying to show that it can happen, so one example is sufficient.







    share|cite|improve this answer












    share|cite|improve this answer



    share|cite|improve this answer










    answered Jan 8 at 0:05









    user3482749user3482749

    4,196919




    4,196919












    • $begingroup$
      Yes that'd definitely work, I was just looking for some general proof , if there is one. Just the way I can prove min(x,y,z) for the upper bound I'd like a proof for the lower bound.
      $endgroup$
      – asds_asds
      Jan 8 at 0:06












    • $begingroup$
      I can't conceive of any useful way to define "general proof" that doesn't include an example in this case.
      $endgroup$
      – user3482749
      Jan 8 at 0:19










    • $begingroup$
      min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
      $endgroup$
      – fleablood
      Jan 8 at 1:02


















    • $begingroup$
      Yes that'd definitely work, I was just looking for some general proof , if there is one. Just the way I can prove min(x,y,z) for the upper bound I'd like a proof for the lower bound.
      $endgroup$
      – asds_asds
      Jan 8 at 0:06












    • $begingroup$
      I can't conceive of any useful way to define "general proof" that doesn't include an example in this case.
      $endgroup$
      – user3482749
      Jan 8 at 0:19










    • $begingroup$
      min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
      $endgroup$
      – fleablood
      Jan 8 at 1:02
















    $begingroup$
    Yes that'd definitely work, I was just looking for some general proof , if there is one. Just the way I can prove min(x,y,z) for the upper bound I'd like a proof for the lower bound.
    $endgroup$
    – asds_asds
    Jan 8 at 0:06






    $begingroup$
    Yes that'd definitely work, I was just looking for some general proof , if there is one. Just the way I can prove min(x,y,z) for the upper bound I'd like a proof for the lower bound.
    $endgroup$
    – asds_asds
    Jan 8 at 0:06














    $begingroup$
    I can't conceive of any useful way to define "general proof" that doesn't include an example in this case.
    $endgroup$
    – user3482749
    Jan 8 at 0:19




    $begingroup$
    I can't conceive of any useful way to define "general proof" that doesn't include an example in this case.
    $endgroup$
    – user3482749
    Jan 8 at 0:19












    $begingroup$
    min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
    $endgroup$
    – fleablood
    Jan 8 at 1:02




    $begingroup$
    min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
    $endgroup$
    – fleablood
    Jan 8 at 1:02











    1












    $begingroup$

    $min(x,y,z)$ was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be $0$ is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.



    There are eight DISJOINT sets that combine to make the whole enchilada. They are (using the notation $M'$ to mean the compliment of $M$)



    $A cap B cap C$ and $Acap B cap C'$ and $A cap B' cap C$ and $A cap B' cap C'$ and $A' cap B cap C$ and $A'cap B cap C'$ and $A' cap B' cap C$ and $A' cap B' cap C'$.



    Any of these sets can contain any elements you desire so long as they are disjoint. Simply leave $A cap Bcap C$ empty.



    You will have



    $A cap B = (Acap B cap C) cup (Acap Bcap C')$ so just make sure $Acap Bcap C$ has no elements and $Acap B cap C'$ has $x$ elements.



    $Bcap C = (Acap B cap C)cup (A'cap Bcap C)$ so make sure $(A'cap Bcap C)$ has $y$ elements.



    $Acap C = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap B' cap C)$ so make sure $(Acap B' cap C)$ has $z$ elements.



    Then $A = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap Bcap C') cup (Acap B' cap C)cup (Acap B'cap C')$. You can fill $Acap B'cap C'$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $k$ elements and you have $|A| = a = x+z + k$.



    Then $B = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap Bcap C') cup (A'cap B cap C)cup (Acap Bcap C')$. You can fill $A'cap Bcap C'$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $j$ elements and you have $|B| = b = x+y + j$.



    Then $C = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap B'cap C) cup (A'cap B cap C)cup (A'cap B'cap C)$. You can fill $A'cap B'cap C$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $m$ elements and you have $|C| = c = y+z + m$.



    And that's it. That's a proof.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$


















      1












      $begingroup$

      $min(x,y,z)$ was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be $0$ is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.



      There are eight DISJOINT sets that combine to make the whole enchilada. They are (using the notation $M'$ to mean the compliment of $M$)



      $A cap B cap C$ and $Acap B cap C'$ and $A cap B' cap C$ and $A cap B' cap C'$ and $A' cap B cap C$ and $A'cap B cap C'$ and $A' cap B' cap C$ and $A' cap B' cap C'$.



      Any of these sets can contain any elements you desire so long as they are disjoint. Simply leave $A cap Bcap C$ empty.



      You will have



      $A cap B = (Acap B cap C) cup (Acap Bcap C')$ so just make sure $Acap Bcap C$ has no elements and $Acap B cap C'$ has $x$ elements.



      $Bcap C = (Acap B cap C)cup (A'cap Bcap C)$ so make sure $(A'cap Bcap C)$ has $y$ elements.



      $Acap C = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap B' cap C)$ so make sure $(Acap B' cap C)$ has $z$ elements.



      Then $A = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap Bcap C') cup (Acap B' cap C)cup (Acap B'cap C')$. You can fill $Acap B'cap C'$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $k$ elements and you have $|A| = a = x+z + k$.



      Then $B = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap Bcap C') cup (A'cap B cap C)cup (Acap Bcap C')$. You can fill $A'cap Bcap C'$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $j$ elements and you have $|B| = b = x+y + j$.



      Then $C = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap B'cap C) cup (A'cap B cap C)cup (A'cap B'cap C)$. You can fill $A'cap B'cap C$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $m$ elements and you have $|C| = c = y+z + m$.



      And that's it. That's a proof.






      share|cite|improve this answer











      $endgroup$
















        1












        1








        1





        $begingroup$

        $min(x,y,z)$ was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be $0$ is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.



        There are eight DISJOINT sets that combine to make the whole enchilada. They are (using the notation $M'$ to mean the compliment of $M$)



        $A cap B cap C$ and $Acap B cap C'$ and $A cap B' cap C$ and $A cap B' cap C'$ and $A' cap B cap C$ and $A'cap B cap C'$ and $A' cap B' cap C$ and $A' cap B' cap C'$.



        Any of these sets can contain any elements you desire so long as they are disjoint. Simply leave $A cap Bcap C$ empty.



        You will have



        $A cap B = (Acap B cap C) cup (Acap Bcap C')$ so just make sure $Acap Bcap C$ has no elements and $Acap B cap C'$ has $x$ elements.



        $Bcap C = (Acap B cap C)cup (A'cap Bcap C)$ so make sure $(A'cap Bcap C)$ has $y$ elements.



        $Acap C = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap B' cap C)$ so make sure $(Acap B' cap C)$ has $z$ elements.



        Then $A = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap Bcap C') cup (Acap B' cap C)cup (Acap B'cap C')$. You can fill $Acap B'cap C'$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $k$ elements and you have $|A| = a = x+z + k$.



        Then $B = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap Bcap C') cup (A'cap B cap C)cup (Acap Bcap C')$. You can fill $A'cap Bcap C'$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $j$ elements and you have $|B| = b = x+y + j$.



        Then $C = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap B'cap C) cup (A'cap B cap C)cup (A'cap B'cap C)$. You can fill $A'cap B'cap C$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $m$ elements and you have $|C| = c = y+z + m$.



        And that's it. That's a proof.






        share|cite|improve this answer











        $endgroup$



        $min(x,y,z)$ was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be $0$ is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.



        There are eight DISJOINT sets that combine to make the whole enchilada. They are (using the notation $M'$ to mean the compliment of $M$)



        $A cap B cap C$ and $Acap B cap C'$ and $A cap B' cap C$ and $A cap B' cap C'$ and $A' cap B cap C$ and $A'cap B cap C'$ and $A' cap B' cap C$ and $A' cap B' cap C'$.



        Any of these sets can contain any elements you desire so long as they are disjoint. Simply leave $A cap Bcap C$ empty.



        You will have



        $A cap B = (Acap B cap C) cup (Acap Bcap C')$ so just make sure $Acap Bcap C$ has no elements and $Acap B cap C'$ has $x$ elements.



        $Bcap C = (Acap B cap C)cup (A'cap Bcap C)$ so make sure $(A'cap Bcap C)$ has $y$ elements.



        $Acap C = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap B' cap C)$ so make sure $(Acap B' cap C)$ has $z$ elements.



        Then $A = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap Bcap C') cup (Acap B' cap C)cup (Acap B'cap C')$. You can fill $Acap B'cap C'$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $k$ elements and you have $|A| = a = x+z + k$.



        Then $B = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap Bcap C') cup (A'cap B cap C)cup (Acap Bcap C')$. You can fill $A'cap Bcap C'$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $j$ elements and you have $|B| = b = x+y + j$.



        Then $C = (Acap Bcap C) cup (Acap B'cap C) cup (A'cap B cap C)cup (A'cap B'cap C)$. You can fill $A'cap B'cap C$ with as many elements or no elements as you wish. Fill it with $m$ elements and you have $|C| = c = y+z + m$.



        And that's it. That's a proof.







        share|cite|improve this answer














        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer








        edited Jan 8 at 1:00

























        answered Jan 8 at 0:42









        fleabloodfleablood

        69.5k22685




        69.5k22685























            1












            $begingroup$

            "How do I prove that $A cap B cap C$ can be zero?"



            Sometimes a figure is worth a thousand words:



            enter image description here






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              Indeed it is. Thanks for the figure, I had the same figure in mind I was just wondering if there was a way I could prove it just the way the upper bound min(x,y,z) is proved.
              $endgroup$
              – asds_asds
              Jan 8 at 0:25










            • $begingroup$
              min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
              $endgroup$
              – fleablood
              Jan 8 at 1:01


















            1












            $begingroup$

            "How do I prove that $A cap B cap C$ can be zero?"



            Sometimes a figure is worth a thousand words:



            enter image description here






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              Indeed it is. Thanks for the figure, I had the same figure in mind I was just wondering if there was a way I could prove it just the way the upper bound min(x,y,z) is proved.
              $endgroup$
              – asds_asds
              Jan 8 at 0:25










            • $begingroup$
              min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
              $endgroup$
              – fleablood
              Jan 8 at 1:01
















            1












            1








            1





            $begingroup$

            "How do I prove that $A cap B cap C$ can be zero?"



            Sometimes a figure is worth a thousand words:



            enter image description here






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$



            "How do I prove that $A cap B cap C$ can be zero?"



            Sometimes a figure is worth a thousand words:



            enter image description here







            share|cite|improve this answer














            share|cite|improve this answer



            share|cite|improve this answer








            edited Jan 8 at 1:07

























            answered Jan 8 at 0:18









            David G. StorkDavid G. Stork

            10.9k31432




            10.9k31432












            • $begingroup$
              Indeed it is. Thanks for the figure, I had the same figure in mind I was just wondering if there was a way I could prove it just the way the upper bound min(x,y,z) is proved.
              $endgroup$
              – asds_asds
              Jan 8 at 0:25










            • $begingroup$
              min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
              $endgroup$
              – fleablood
              Jan 8 at 1:01




















            • $begingroup$
              Indeed it is. Thanks for the figure, I had the same figure in mind I was just wondering if there was a way I could prove it just the way the upper bound min(x,y,z) is proved.
              $endgroup$
              – asds_asds
              Jan 8 at 0:25










            • $begingroup$
              min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
              $endgroup$
              – fleablood
              Jan 8 at 1:01


















            $begingroup$
            Indeed it is. Thanks for the figure, I had the same figure in mind I was just wondering if there was a way I could prove it just the way the upper bound min(x,y,z) is proved.
            $endgroup$
            – asds_asds
            Jan 8 at 0:25




            $begingroup$
            Indeed it is. Thanks for the figure, I had the same figure in mind I was just wondering if there was a way I could prove it just the way the upper bound min(x,y,z) is proved.
            $endgroup$
            – asds_asds
            Jan 8 at 0:25












            $begingroup$
            min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
            $endgroup$
            – fleablood
            Jan 8 at 1:01






            $begingroup$
            min(x,y,z) was a proof of what couldn't be. You couldn't have the intersection be larger. To prove it can be 0 is a proof of what can be and the only thing nescessary for that is a simple example.
            $endgroup$
            – fleablood
            Jan 8 at 1:01




















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