Given a graph G: how to find a formula to determine the number of squares in which a vertex participates?












1












$begingroup$


I should find a formula that, given a certain vertex v1 of a graph G, it returns the number of squares in which v1 participates.



I managed to find a solution for triangles, but in the case of squares, I am a having a hard time trying to figure out how to build a formula that distinguishes those walks that form a square starting at v1 and finishing at v1 from those walks that have length 4 and which do not form an actual square.



Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Thank you.-










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$endgroup$








  • 3




    $begingroup$
    By a "square" you just mean a cycle of length $4$, don't you? Is the graph undirected? You want a formula in terms of what, the adjacency matrix of the graph? What is your formula for triangles?
    $endgroup$
    – bof
    Jan 8 at 5:08






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Dear bof: sorry about the confusion. Yes, the graph is undirected. The formula should be in terms of the powers of the adjacency matrix. For example, for triangles, I should take the values of each vertex on the diagonal of A^3 and divide them by 2. Those would be the paths of length 3 that begin and end and each vertex. Therefore, they are triangles (I am discarding the counting on both directions by dividing the number by 2).
    $endgroup$
    – cadmus1324
    Jan 8 at 16:27












  • $begingroup$
    What are the different types of walks of length 4 that start and end at the same vertex? Can you think of a way to eliminate the ones you don't want?
    $endgroup$
    – Morgan Rodgers
    Jan 9 at 20:27










  • $begingroup$
    Dear Morgan, that's actually the main problem I can't solve: how to discard the 4-length walks that begin and end at v1 and which are not squares. For example, given the adjacency matrix A = [0110;1001;1001;0110] then A^4 = [8008; 0880; 0880;8008]. The conclusion should be that there is only one square in which v1 participates (in this particular case, v1 could be any vertex of G). Nevertheless, it is not clear to me how to formally discard the other 7 walks that are of length 4, but are not squares. Any help would be appreciated since I am clueless.
    $endgroup$
    – cadmus1324
    Jan 10 at 2:22












  • $begingroup$
    Anyone? I would greatly appreciate any help on this matter :(
    $endgroup$
    – cadmus1324
    Jan 11 at 3:28
















1












$begingroup$


I should find a formula that, given a certain vertex v1 of a graph G, it returns the number of squares in which v1 participates.



I managed to find a solution for triangles, but in the case of squares, I am a having a hard time trying to figure out how to build a formula that distinguishes those walks that form a square starting at v1 and finishing at v1 from those walks that have length 4 and which do not form an actual square.



Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Thank you.-










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$








  • 3




    $begingroup$
    By a "square" you just mean a cycle of length $4$, don't you? Is the graph undirected? You want a formula in terms of what, the adjacency matrix of the graph? What is your formula for triangles?
    $endgroup$
    – bof
    Jan 8 at 5:08






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Dear bof: sorry about the confusion. Yes, the graph is undirected. The formula should be in terms of the powers of the adjacency matrix. For example, for triangles, I should take the values of each vertex on the diagonal of A^3 and divide them by 2. Those would be the paths of length 3 that begin and end and each vertex. Therefore, they are triangles (I am discarding the counting on both directions by dividing the number by 2).
    $endgroup$
    – cadmus1324
    Jan 8 at 16:27












  • $begingroup$
    What are the different types of walks of length 4 that start and end at the same vertex? Can you think of a way to eliminate the ones you don't want?
    $endgroup$
    – Morgan Rodgers
    Jan 9 at 20:27










  • $begingroup$
    Dear Morgan, that's actually the main problem I can't solve: how to discard the 4-length walks that begin and end at v1 and which are not squares. For example, given the adjacency matrix A = [0110;1001;1001;0110] then A^4 = [8008; 0880; 0880;8008]. The conclusion should be that there is only one square in which v1 participates (in this particular case, v1 could be any vertex of G). Nevertheless, it is not clear to me how to formally discard the other 7 walks that are of length 4, but are not squares. Any help would be appreciated since I am clueless.
    $endgroup$
    – cadmus1324
    Jan 10 at 2:22












  • $begingroup$
    Anyone? I would greatly appreciate any help on this matter :(
    $endgroup$
    – cadmus1324
    Jan 11 at 3:28














1












1








1





$begingroup$


I should find a formula that, given a certain vertex v1 of a graph G, it returns the number of squares in which v1 participates.



I managed to find a solution for triangles, but in the case of squares, I am a having a hard time trying to figure out how to build a formula that distinguishes those walks that form a square starting at v1 and finishing at v1 from those walks that have length 4 and which do not form an actual square.



Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Thank you.-










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




I should find a formula that, given a certain vertex v1 of a graph G, it returns the number of squares in which v1 participates.



I managed to find a solution for triangles, but in the case of squares, I am a having a hard time trying to figure out how to build a formula that distinguishes those walks that form a square starting at v1 and finishing at v1 from those walks that have length 4 and which do not form an actual square.



Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Thank you.-







graph-theory algebraic-graph-theory adjacency-matrix






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share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Jan 9 at 20:17









Alex Ravsky

40.4k32282




40.4k32282










asked Jan 8 at 5:04









cadmus1324cadmus1324

61




61








  • 3




    $begingroup$
    By a "square" you just mean a cycle of length $4$, don't you? Is the graph undirected? You want a formula in terms of what, the adjacency matrix of the graph? What is your formula for triangles?
    $endgroup$
    – bof
    Jan 8 at 5:08






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Dear bof: sorry about the confusion. Yes, the graph is undirected. The formula should be in terms of the powers of the adjacency matrix. For example, for triangles, I should take the values of each vertex on the diagonal of A^3 and divide them by 2. Those would be the paths of length 3 that begin and end and each vertex. Therefore, they are triangles (I am discarding the counting on both directions by dividing the number by 2).
    $endgroup$
    – cadmus1324
    Jan 8 at 16:27












  • $begingroup$
    What are the different types of walks of length 4 that start and end at the same vertex? Can you think of a way to eliminate the ones you don't want?
    $endgroup$
    – Morgan Rodgers
    Jan 9 at 20:27










  • $begingroup$
    Dear Morgan, that's actually the main problem I can't solve: how to discard the 4-length walks that begin and end at v1 and which are not squares. For example, given the adjacency matrix A = [0110;1001;1001;0110] then A^4 = [8008; 0880; 0880;8008]. The conclusion should be that there is only one square in which v1 participates (in this particular case, v1 could be any vertex of G). Nevertheless, it is not clear to me how to formally discard the other 7 walks that are of length 4, but are not squares. Any help would be appreciated since I am clueless.
    $endgroup$
    – cadmus1324
    Jan 10 at 2:22












  • $begingroup$
    Anyone? I would greatly appreciate any help on this matter :(
    $endgroup$
    – cadmus1324
    Jan 11 at 3:28














  • 3




    $begingroup$
    By a "square" you just mean a cycle of length $4$, don't you? Is the graph undirected? You want a formula in terms of what, the adjacency matrix of the graph? What is your formula for triangles?
    $endgroup$
    – bof
    Jan 8 at 5:08






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Dear bof: sorry about the confusion. Yes, the graph is undirected. The formula should be in terms of the powers of the adjacency matrix. For example, for triangles, I should take the values of each vertex on the diagonal of A^3 and divide them by 2. Those would be the paths of length 3 that begin and end and each vertex. Therefore, they are triangles (I am discarding the counting on both directions by dividing the number by 2).
    $endgroup$
    – cadmus1324
    Jan 8 at 16:27












  • $begingroup$
    What are the different types of walks of length 4 that start and end at the same vertex? Can you think of a way to eliminate the ones you don't want?
    $endgroup$
    – Morgan Rodgers
    Jan 9 at 20:27










  • $begingroup$
    Dear Morgan, that's actually the main problem I can't solve: how to discard the 4-length walks that begin and end at v1 and which are not squares. For example, given the adjacency matrix A = [0110;1001;1001;0110] then A^4 = [8008; 0880; 0880;8008]. The conclusion should be that there is only one square in which v1 participates (in this particular case, v1 could be any vertex of G). Nevertheless, it is not clear to me how to formally discard the other 7 walks that are of length 4, but are not squares. Any help would be appreciated since I am clueless.
    $endgroup$
    – cadmus1324
    Jan 10 at 2:22












  • $begingroup$
    Anyone? I would greatly appreciate any help on this matter :(
    $endgroup$
    – cadmus1324
    Jan 11 at 3:28








3




3




$begingroup$
By a "square" you just mean a cycle of length $4$, don't you? Is the graph undirected? You want a formula in terms of what, the adjacency matrix of the graph? What is your formula for triangles?
$endgroup$
– bof
Jan 8 at 5:08




$begingroup$
By a "square" you just mean a cycle of length $4$, don't you? Is the graph undirected? You want a formula in terms of what, the adjacency matrix of the graph? What is your formula for triangles?
$endgroup$
– bof
Jan 8 at 5:08




1




1




$begingroup$
Dear bof: sorry about the confusion. Yes, the graph is undirected. The formula should be in terms of the powers of the adjacency matrix. For example, for triangles, I should take the values of each vertex on the diagonal of A^3 and divide them by 2. Those would be the paths of length 3 that begin and end and each vertex. Therefore, they are triangles (I am discarding the counting on both directions by dividing the number by 2).
$endgroup$
– cadmus1324
Jan 8 at 16:27






$begingroup$
Dear bof: sorry about the confusion. Yes, the graph is undirected. The formula should be in terms of the powers of the adjacency matrix. For example, for triangles, I should take the values of each vertex on the diagonal of A^3 and divide them by 2. Those would be the paths of length 3 that begin and end and each vertex. Therefore, they are triangles (I am discarding the counting on both directions by dividing the number by 2).
$endgroup$
– cadmus1324
Jan 8 at 16:27














$begingroup$
What are the different types of walks of length 4 that start and end at the same vertex? Can you think of a way to eliminate the ones you don't want?
$endgroup$
– Morgan Rodgers
Jan 9 at 20:27




$begingroup$
What are the different types of walks of length 4 that start and end at the same vertex? Can you think of a way to eliminate the ones you don't want?
$endgroup$
– Morgan Rodgers
Jan 9 at 20:27












$begingroup$
Dear Morgan, that's actually the main problem I can't solve: how to discard the 4-length walks that begin and end at v1 and which are not squares. For example, given the adjacency matrix A = [0110;1001;1001;0110] then A^4 = [8008; 0880; 0880;8008]. The conclusion should be that there is only one square in which v1 participates (in this particular case, v1 could be any vertex of G). Nevertheless, it is not clear to me how to formally discard the other 7 walks that are of length 4, but are not squares. Any help would be appreciated since I am clueless.
$endgroup$
– cadmus1324
Jan 10 at 2:22






$begingroup$
Dear Morgan, that's actually the main problem I can't solve: how to discard the 4-length walks that begin and end at v1 and which are not squares. For example, given the adjacency matrix A = [0110;1001;1001;0110] then A^4 = [8008; 0880; 0880;8008]. The conclusion should be that there is only one square in which v1 participates (in this particular case, v1 could be any vertex of G). Nevertheless, it is not clear to me how to formally discard the other 7 walks that are of length 4, but are not squares. Any help would be appreciated since I am clueless.
$endgroup$
– cadmus1324
Jan 10 at 2:22














$begingroup$
Anyone? I would greatly appreciate any help on this matter :(
$endgroup$
– cadmus1324
Jan 11 at 3:28




$begingroup$
Anyone? I would greatly appreciate any help on this matter :(
$endgroup$
– cadmus1324
Jan 11 at 3:28










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$begingroup$

can you find the answer? I have read that for squares is different than triangles, but they are related with A^2, this are the squares but i'm not shure if this indicates The number of squares in which each vertex participates. Can you give a guide to find the formula?






share|cite|improve this answer









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    $begingroup$

    can you find the answer? I have read that for squares is different than triangles, but they are related with A^2, this are the squares but i'm not shure if this indicates The number of squares in which each vertex participates. Can you give a guide to find the formula?






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$


















      0












      $begingroup$

      can you find the answer? I have read that for squares is different than triangles, but they are related with A^2, this are the squares but i'm not shure if this indicates The number of squares in which each vertex participates. Can you give a guide to find the formula?






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$
















        0












        0








        0





        $begingroup$

        can you find the answer? I have read that for squares is different than triangles, but they are related with A^2, this are the squares but i'm not shure if this indicates The number of squares in which each vertex participates. Can you give a guide to find the formula?






        share|cite|improve this answer









        $endgroup$



        can you find the answer? I have read that for squares is different than triangles, but they are related with A^2, this are the squares but i'm not shure if this indicates The number of squares in which each vertex participates. Can you give a guide to find the formula?







        share|cite|improve this answer












        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer










        answered Jan 20 at 1:38









        FerFer

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