Bootstrap 4.1.3 Dropdown Menu Not Working in IE11 - Throws an Exception
I'm working with Bootstrap 4.1.3 and IE 11. I have created a Modal Dialog and the Modal Dialog has a Dropdown Menu. The Dropdown menu works fine in Google and Edge but not IE 11. I have researched and tried many solutions including those found here in Stack Overflow, but nothing is working.
Here is the basic dropdown code:
<!-- Drop Down Menu -->
<div class="d-flex align-self-end">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" id="navbardrop">
<img src="Images/KoKoPelli.jpg" class="profile-picture"/>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Newsfeed</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">One Drive</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Sites</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
Here is the specific dropdown code:
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse" id="navbar">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Departments" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Departments</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Resources" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="showResourceHeader()">Resources</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Procedures" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Procedures</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="News" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">News</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav ml-auto">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Newsfeed" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Newsfeed</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="OneDrive" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">OneDrive</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Sites" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Sites</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
Here is the entire project on JSFiddle:
https://jsfiddle.net/tsmolskow/aq9Laaew/276201/
internet-explorer drop-down-menu bootstrap-4
add a comment |
I'm working with Bootstrap 4.1.3 and IE 11. I have created a Modal Dialog and the Modal Dialog has a Dropdown Menu. The Dropdown menu works fine in Google and Edge but not IE 11. I have researched and tried many solutions including those found here in Stack Overflow, but nothing is working.
Here is the basic dropdown code:
<!-- Drop Down Menu -->
<div class="d-flex align-self-end">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" id="navbardrop">
<img src="Images/KoKoPelli.jpg" class="profile-picture"/>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Newsfeed</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">One Drive</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Sites</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
Here is the specific dropdown code:
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse" id="navbar">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Departments" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Departments</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Resources" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="showResourceHeader()">Resources</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Procedures" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Procedures</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="News" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">News</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav ml-auto">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Newsfeed" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Newsfeed</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="OneDrive" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">OneDrive</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Sites" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Sites</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
Here is the entire project on JSFiddle:
https://jsfiddle.net/tsmolskow/aq9Laaew/276201/
internet-explorer drop-down-menu bootstrap-4
add a comment |
I'm working with Bootstrap 4.1.3 and IE 11. I have created a Modal Dialog and the Modal Dialog has a Dropdown Menu. The Dropdown menu works fine in Google and Edge but not IE 11. I have researched and tried many solutions including those found here in Stack Overflow, but nothing is working.
Here is the basic dropdown code:
<!-- Drop Down Menu -->
<div class="d-flex align-self-end">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" id="navbardrop">
<img src="Images/KoKoPelli.jpg" class="profile-picture"/>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Newsfeed</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">One Drive</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Sites</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
Here is the specific dropdown code:
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse" id="navbar">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Departments" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Departments</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Resources" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="showResourceHeader()">Resources</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Procedures" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Procedures</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="News" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">News</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav ml-auto">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Newsfeed" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Newsfeed</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="OneDrive" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">OneDrive</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Sites" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Sites</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
Here is the entire project on JSFiddle:
https://jsfiddle.net/tsmolskow/aq9Laaew/276201/
internet-explorer drop-down-menu bootstrap-4
I'm working with Bootstrap 4.1.3 and IE 11. I have created a Modal Dialog and the Modal Dialog has a Dropdown Menu. The Dropdown menu works fine in Google and Edge but not IE 11. I have researched and tried many solutions including those found here in Stack Overflow, but nothing is working.
Here is the basic dropdown code:
<!-- Drop Down Menu -->
<div class="d-flex align-self-end">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" id="navbardrop">
<img src="Images/KoKoPelli.jpg" class="profile-picture"/>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Newsfeed</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">One Drive</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Sites</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
Here is the specific dropdown code:
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse" id="navbar">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Departments" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Departments</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Resources" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="showResourceHeader()">Resources</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Procedures" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Procedures</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="News" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">News</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav ml-auto">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Newsfeed" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Newsfeed</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="OneDrive" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">OneDrive</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Sites" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Sites</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
Here is the entire project on JSFiddle:
https://jsfiddle.net/tsmolskow/aq9Laaew/276201/
<!-- Drop Down Menu -->
<div class="d-flex align-self-end">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" id="navbardrop">
<img src="Images/KoKoPelli.jpg" class="profile-picture"/>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Newsfeed</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">One Drive</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Sites</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- Drop Down Menu -->
<div class="d-flex align-self-end">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" id="navbardrop">
<img src="Images/KoKoPelli.jpg" class="profile-picture"/>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Newsfeed</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">One Drive</a></li>
<li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Sites</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse" id="navbar">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Departments" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Departments</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Resources" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="showResourceHeader()">Resources</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Procedures" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Procedures</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="News" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">News</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav ml-auto">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Newsfeed" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Newsfeed</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="OneDrive" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">OneDrive</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Sites" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Sites</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse" id="navbar">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Departments" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Departments</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Resources" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="showResourceHeader()">Resources</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Procedures" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Procedures</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="News" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">News</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav ml-auto">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Newsfeed" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Newsfeed</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="OneDrive" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">OneDrive</a></li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link menuItem" id="Sites" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#MyNNSModal" onclick="hideResourceHeader()">Sites</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
internet-explorer drop-down-menu bootstrap-4
internet-explorer drop-down-menu bootstrap-4
asked Jan 1 at 16:53


YosefYosef
329
329
add a comment |
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
It is a Bootstrap bug and many users had faced this issue before.
The fix is already available for this issue.
Please refer links below may help you to solve your issue.
(1) Collapses not working on IE11 (Object.keys: argument is not an Object)
(2) fix issue related to Object.keys and Dropdown issue #26291
Thanks for your reply but I'm not getting that type of error - the error I get is this - Unhandled exception at line 1553, column 13 in localhost:59185/Scripts/bootstrap.js 0x800a139e - JavaScript runtime error: Exception thrown and not caught
– Yosef
Jan 2 at 12:36
When I try to make a test on my side, I find that I am not able to see the dropdown in IE but it is also not giving any error. I click on menu and for the first time it works but from second time it is giving this error. 'Object.keys: argument is not an Object'
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 3 at 6:28
Where are you seeing that error - in Developer Tools interface?
– Yosef
Jan 3 at 12:44
Yes, I can see that error in developer tools. Here you can check it. i.postimg.cc/9QxLDVBC/5.png
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 4 at 9:10
add a comment |
Your Answer
StackExchange.ifUsing("editor", function () {
StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function () {
StackExchange.using("snippets", function () {
StackExchange.snippets.init();
});
});
}, "code-snippets");
StackExchange.ready(function() {
var channelOptions = {
tags: "".split(" "),
id: "1"
};
initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);
StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function() {
// Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled) {
StackExchange.using("snippets", function() {
createEditor();
});
}
else {
createEditor();
}
});
function createEditor() {
StackExchange.prepareEditor({
heartbeatType: 'answer',
autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
convertImagesToLinks: true,
noModals: true,
showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
reputationToPostImages: 10,
bindNavPrevention: true,
postfix: "",
imageUploader: {
brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
allowUrls: true
},
onDemand: true,
discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
});
}
});
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fstackoverflow.com%2fquestions%2f53997257%2fbootstrap-4-1-3-dropdown-menu-not-working-in-ie11-throws-an-exception%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
It is a Bootstrap bug and many users had faced this issue before.
The fix is already available for this issue.
Please refer links below may help you to solve your issue.
(1) Collapses not working on IE11 (Object.keys: argument is not an Object)
(2) fix issue related to Object.keys and Dropdown issue #26291
Thanks for your reply but I'm not getting that type of error - the error I get is this - Unhandled exception at line 1553, column 13 in localhost:59185/Scripts/bootstrap.js 0x800a139e - JavaScript runtime error: Exception thrown and not caught
– Yosef
Jan 2 at 12:36
When I try to make a test on my side, I find that I am not able to see the dropdown in IE but it is also not giving any error. I click on menu and for the first time it works but from second time it is giving this error. 'Object.keys: argument is not an Object'
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 3 at 6:28
Where are you seeing that error - in Developer Tools interface?
– Yosef
Jan 3 at 12:44
Yes, I can see that error in developer tools. Here you can check it. i.postimg.cc/9QxLDVBC/5.png
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 4 at 9:10
add a comment |
It is a Bootstrap bug and many users had faced this issue before.
The fix is already available for this issue.
Please refer links below may help you to solve your issue.
(1) Collapses not working on IE11 (Object.keys: argument is not an Object)
(2) fix issue related to Object.keys and Dropdown issue #26291
Thanks for your reply but I'm not getting that type of error - the error I get is this - Unhandled exception at line 1553, column 13 in localhost:59185/Scripts/bootstrap.js 0x800a139e - JavaScript runtime error: Exception thrown and not caught
– Yosef
Jan 2 at 12:36
When I try to make a test on my side, I find that I am not able to see the dropdown in IE but it is also not giving any error. I click on menu and for the first time it works but from second time it is giving this error. 'Object.keys: argument is not an Object'
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 3 at 6:28
Where are you seeing that error - in Developer Tools interface?
– Yosef
Jan 3 at 12:44
Yes, I can see that error in developer tools. Here you can check it. i.postimg.cc/9QxLDVBC/5.png
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 4 at 9:10
add a comment |
It is a Bootstrap bug and many users had faced this issue before.
The fix is already available for this issue.
Please refer links below may help you to solve your issue.
(1) Collapses not working on IE11 (Object.keys: argument is not an Object)
(2) fix issue related to Object.keys and Dropdown issue #26291
It is a Bootstrap bug and many users had faced this issue before.
The fix is already available for this issue.
Please refer links below may help you to solve your issue.
(1) Collapses not working on IE11 (Object.keys: argument is not an Object)
(2) fix issue related to Object.keys and Dropdown issue #26291
answered Jan 2 at 1:50
Deepak-MSFTDeepak-MSFT
974117
974117
Thanks for your reply but I'm not getting that type of error - the error I get is this - Unhandled exception at line 1553, column 13 in localhost:59185/Scripts/bootstrap.js 0x800a139e - JavaScript runtime error: Exception thrown and not caught
– Yosef
Jan 2 at 12:36
When I try to make a test on my side, I find that I am not able to see the dropdown in IE but it is also not giving any error. I click on menu and for the first time it works but from second time it is giving this error. 'Object.keys: argument is not an Object'
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 3 at 6:28
Where are you seeing that error - in Developer Tools interface?
– Yosef
Jan 3 at 12:44
Yes, I can see that error in developer tools. Here you can check it. i.postimg.cc/9QxLDVBC/5.png
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 4 at 9:10
add a comment |
Thanks for your reply but I'm not getting that type of error - the error I get is this - Unhandled exception at line 1553, column 13 in localhost:59185/Scripts/bootstrap.js 0x800a139e - JavaScript runtime error: Exception thrown and not caught
– Yosef
Jan 2 at 12:36
When I try to make a test on my side, I find that I am not able to see the dropdown in IE but it is also not giving any error. I click on menu and for the first time it works but from second time it is giving this error. 'Object.keys: argument is not an Object'
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 3 at 6:28
Where are you seeing that error - in Developer Tools interface?
– Yosef
Jan 3 at 12:44
Yes, I can see that error in developer tools. Here you can check it. i.postimg.cc/9QxLDVBC/5.png
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 4 at 9:10
Thanks for your reply but I'm not getting that type of error - the error I get is this - Unhandled exception at line 1553, column 13 in localhost:59185/Scripts/bootstrap.js 0x800a139e - JavaScript runtime error: Exception thrown and not caught
– Yosef
Jan 2 at 12:36
Thanks for your reply but I'm not getting that type of error - the error I get is this - Unhandled exception at line 1553, column 13 in localhost:59185/Scripts/bootstrap.js 0x800a139e - JavaScript runtime error: Exception thrown and not caught
– Yosef
Jan 2 at 12:36
When I try to make a test on my side, I find that I am not able to see the dropdown in IE but it is also not giving any error. I click on menu and for the first time it works but from second time it is giving this error. 'Object.keys: argument is not an Object'
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 3 at 6:28
When I try to make a test on my side, I find that I am not able to see the dropdown in IE but it is also not giving any error. I click on menu and for the first time it works but from second time it is giving this error. 'Object.keys: argument is not an Object'
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 3 at 6:28
Where are you seeing that error - in Developer Tools interface?
– Yosef
Jan 3 at 12:44
Where are you seeing that error - in Developer Tools interface?
– Yosef
Jan 3 at 12:44
Yes, I can see that error in developer tools. Here you can check it. i.postimg.cc/9QxLDVBC/5.png
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 4 at 9:10
Yes, I can see that error in developer tools. Here you can check it. i.postimg.cc/9QxLDVBC/5.png
– Deepak-MSFT
Jan 4 at 9:10
add a comment |
Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow!
- Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!
But avoid …
- Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.
- Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.
To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fstackoverflow.com%2fquestions%2f53997257%2fbootstrap-4-1-3-dropdown-menu-not-working-in-ie11-throws-an-exception%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown