Assume that $X$ and $Y$ have joint probability density function $f_{X,Y}$. Calculate the joint probability...












1












$begingroup$


Assume that $X$ and $Y$ have the following joint probability density function
$$f_{X,Y}(x,y) =
begin{cases}
displaystylefrac{1}{x^{2}y^{2}} & text{if},,xgeq 1,,text{and},,ygeq 1\\
,,,,,0 & text{otherwise}
end{cases}$$



(a) Calculate the joint probability density function of $U = XY$ and $V = X/Y$.



(b) What are the marginal density functions?



MY SOLUTION



(a) To begin with, notice that $u geq 1$ and $v > 0$. Moreover, we have $X = sqrt{UV}$ and $Y = sqrt{U/V}$. From whence we conclude that
begin{align*}
f_{U,V}(u,v) = f_{X,Y}(sqrt{uv},sqrt{uv^{-1}})|det J(u,v)|
end{align*}



where $J(u,v)$ is given by
begin{align*}
begin{vmatrix}
displaystylefrac{partial x}{partial u} & displaystylefrac{partial x}{partial v} \
displaystylefrac{partial y}{partial u} & displaystylefrac{partial y}{partial v}
end{vmatrix} =
begin{vmatrix}
displaystylefrac{v}{2sqrt{uv}} & displaystylefrac{u}{2sqrt{uv}} \
displaystylefrac{1}{2sqrt{uv}} & displaystyle-frac{sqrt{u}}{2sqrt{v^{3}}}
end{vmatrix} = -frac{1}{4v} - frac{1}{4v} = -frac{1}{2v}
end{align*}



Therefore we have
begin{align*}
f_{U,V}(u,v) = frac{1}{2u^{2}v}
end{align*}



(b) Once you have the joint probability density function, you can determine the marginal distributions through the formulas
begin{cases}
f_{U}(u) = displaystyleint_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{U,V}(u,v)mathrm{d}v\\
f_{V}(v) = displaystyleint_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{U,V}(u,v)mathrm{d}u
end{cases}



My question is: where things went wrong? I cannot find out where are the miscalculations of $f_{U,V}$ since its integral does not converge to $1$. Any help is appreciated. Thanks in advance!










share|cite|improve this question









$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Part (a) does not include the support for the function, therefore how can you know where to integrate in part (b).
    $endgroup$
    – Graham Kemp
    Feb 1 at 0:53










  • $begingroup$
    Perhaps I have misunderstood your question, but I have pointed out that $(u,v)in[1,+infty)times(0,+infty)$. Is this it you were talking about?
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 0:55












  • $begingroup$
    That's not the support. As hypermova notes, you have to be very careful with the transformation.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham Kemp
    Feb 1 at 1:12
















1












$begingroup$


Assume that $X$ and $Y$ have the following joint probability density function
$$f_{X,Y}(x,y) =
begin{cases}
displaystylefrac{1}{x^{2}y^{2}} & text{if},,xgeq 1,,text{and},,ygeq 1\\
,,,,,0 & text{otherwise}
end{cases}$$



(a) Calculate the joint probability density function of $U = XY$ and $V = X/Y$.



(b) What are the marginal density functions?



MY SOLUTION



(a) To begin with, notice that $u geq 1$ and $v > 0$. Moreover, we have $X = sqrt{UV}$ and $Y = sqrt{U/V}$. From whence we conclude that
begin{align*}
f_{U,V}(u,v) = f_{X,Y}(sqrt{uv},sqrt{uv^{-1}})|det J(u,v)|
end{align*}



where $J(u,v)$ is given by
begin{align*}
begin{vmatrix}
displaystylefrac{partial x}{partial u} & displaystylefrac{partial x}{partial v} \
displaystylefrac{partial y}{partial u} & displaystylefrac{partial y}{partial v}
end{vmatrix} =
begin{vmatrix}
displaystylefrac{v}{2sqrt{uv}} & displaystylefrac{u}{2sqrt{uv}} \
displaystylefrac{1}{2sqrt{uv}} & displaystyle-frac{sqrt{u}}{2sqrt{v^{3}}}
end{vmatrix} = -frac{1}{4v} - frac{1}{4v} = -frac{1}{2v}
end{align*}



Therefore we have
begin{align*}
f_{U,V}(u,v) = frac{1}{2u^{2}v}
end{align*}



(b) Once you have the joint probability density function, you can determine the marginal distributions through the formulas
begin{cases}
f_{U}(u) = displaystyleint_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{U,V}(u,v)mathrm{d}v\\
f_{V}(v) = displaystyleint_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{U,V}(u,v)mathrm{d}u
end{cases}



My question is: where things went wrong? I cannot find out where are the miscalculations of $f_{U,V}$ since its integral does not converge to $1$. Any help is appreciated. Thanks in advance!










share|cite|improve this question









$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Part (a) does not include the support for the function, therefore how can you know where to integrate in part (b).
    $endgroup$
    – Graham Kemp
    Feb 1 at 0:53










  • $begingroup$
    Perhaps I have misunderstood your question, but I have pointed out that $(u,v)in[1,+infty)times(0,+infty)$. Is this it you were talking about?
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 0:55












  • $begingroup$
    That's not the support. As hypermova notes, you have to be very careful with the transformation.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham Kemp
    Feb 1 at 1:12














1












1








1





$begingroup$


Assume that $X$ and $Y$ have the following joint probability density function
$$f_{X,Y}(x,y) =
begin{cases}
displaystylefrac{1}{x^{2}y^{2}} & text{if},,xgeq 1,,text{and},,ygeq 1\\
,,,,,0 & text{otherwise}
end{cases}$$



(a) Calculate the joint probability density function of $U = XY$ and $V = X/Y$.



(b) What are the marginal density functions?



MY SOLUTION



(a) To begin with, notice that $u geq 1$ and $v > 0$. Moreover, we have $X = sqrt{UV}$ and $Y = sqrt{U/V}$. From whence we conclude that
begin{align*}
f_{U,V}(u,v) = f_{X,Y}(sqrt{uv},sqrt{uv^{-1}})|det J(u,v)|
end{align*}



where $J(u,v)$ is given by
begin{align*}
begin{vmatrix}
displaystylefrac{partial x}{partial u} & displaystylefrac{partial x}{partial v} \
displaystylefrac{partial y}{partial u} & displaystylefrac{partial y}{partial v}
end{vmatrix} =
begin{vmatrix}
displaystylefrac{v}{2sqrt{uv}} & displaystylefrac{u}{2sqrt{uv}} \
displaystylefrac{1}{2sqrt{uv}} & displaystyle-frac{sqrt{u}}{2sqrt{v^{3}}}
end{vmatrix} = -frac{1}{4v} - frac{1}{4v} = -frac{1}{2v}
end{align*}



Therefore we have
begin{align*}
f_{U,V}(u,v) = frac{1}{2u^{2}v}
end{align*}



(b) Once you have the joint probability density function, you can determine the marginal distributions through the formulas
begin{cases}
f_{U}(u) = displaystyleint_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{U,V}(u,v)mathrm{d}v\\
f_{V}(v) = displaystyleint_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{U,V}(u,v)mathrm{d}u
end{cases}



My question is: where things went wrong? I cannot find out where are the miscalculations of $f_{U,V}$ since its integral does not converge to $1$. Any help is appreciated. Thanks in advance!










share|cite|improve this question









$endgroup$




Assume that $X$ and $Y$ have the following joint probability density function
$$f_{X,Y}(x,y) =
begin{cases}
displaystylefrac{1}{x^{2}y^{2}} & text{if},,xgeq 1,,text{and},,ygeq 1\\
,,,,,0 & text{otherwise}
end{cases}$$



(a) Calculate the joint probability density function of $U = XY$ and $V = X/Y$.



(b) What are the marginal density functions?



MY SOLUTION



(a) To begin with, notice that $u geq 1$ and $v > 0$. Moreover, we have $X = sqrt{UV}$ and $Y = sqrt{U/V}$. From whence we conclude that
begin{align*}
f_{U,V}(u,v) = f_{X,Y}(sqrt{uv},sqrt{uv^{-1}})|det J(u,v)|
end{align*}



where $J(u,v)$ is given by
begin{align*}
begin{vmatrix}
displaystylefrac{partial x}{partial u} & displaystylefrac{partial x}{partial v} \
displaystylefrac{partial y}{partial u} & displaystylefrac{partial y}{partial v}
end{vmatrix} =
begin{vmatrix}
displaystylefrac{v}{2sqrt{uv}} & displaystylefrac{u}{2sqrt{uv}} \
displaystylefrac{1}{2sqrt{uv}} & displaystyle-frac{sqrt{u}}{2sqrt{v^{3}}}
end{vmatrix} = -frac{1}{4v} - frac{1}{4v} = -frac{1}{2v}
end{align*}



Therefore we have
begin{align*}
f_{U,V}(u,v) = frac{1}{2u^{2}v}
end{align*}



(b) Once you have the joint probability density function, you can determine the marginal distributions through the formulas
begin{cases}
f_{U}(u) = displaystyleint_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{U,V}(u,v)mathrm{d}v\\
f_{V}(v) = displaystyleint_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{U,V}(u,v)mathrm{d}u
end{cases}



My question is: where things went wrong? I cannot find out where are the miscalculations of $f_{U,V}$ since its integral does not converge to $1$. Any help is appreciated. Thanks in advance!







probability probability-theory density-function change-of-variable






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asked Feb 1 at 0:26









APC89APC89

2,371720




2,371720












  • $begingroup$
    Part (a) does not include the support for the function, therefore how can you know where to integrate in part (b).
    $endgroup$
    – Graham Kemp
    Feb 1 at 0:53










  • $begingroup$
    Perhaps I have misunderstood your question, but I have pointed out that $(u,v)in[1,+infty)times(0,+infty)$. Is this it you were talking about?
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 0:55












  • $begingroup$
    That's not the support. As hypermova notes, you have to be very careful with the transformation.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham Kemp
    Feb 1 at 1:12


















  • $begingroup$
    Part (a) does not include the support for the function, therefore how can you know where to integrate in part (b).
    $endgroup$
    – Graham Kemp
    Feb 1 at 0:53










  • $begingroup$
    Perhaps I have misunderstood your question, but I have pointed out that $(u,v)in[1,+infty)times(0,+infty)$. Is this it you were talking about?
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 0:55












  • $begingroup$
    That's not the support. As hypermova notes, you have to be very careful with the transformation.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham Kemp
    Feb 1 at 1:12
















$begingroup$
Part (a) does not include the support for the function, therefore how can you know where to integrate in part (b).
$endgroup$
– Graham Kemp
Feb 1 at 0:53




$begingroup$
Part (a) does not include the support for the function, therefore how can you know where to integrate in part (b).
$endgroup$
– Graham Kemp
Feb 1 at 0:53












$begingroup$
Perhaps I have misunderstood your question, but I have pointed out that $(u,v)in[1,+infty)times(0,+infty)$. Is this it you were talking about?
$endgroup$
– APC89
Feb 1 at 0:55






$begingroup$
Perhaps I have misunderstood your question, but I have pointed out that $(u,v)in[1,+infty)times(0,+infty)$. Is this it you were talking about?
$endgroup$
– APC89
Feb 1 at 0:55














$begingroup$
That's not the support. As hypermova notes, you have to be very careful with the transformation.
$endgroup$
– Graham Kemp
Feb 1 at 1:12




$begingroup$
That's not the support. As hypermova notes, you have to be very careful with the transformation.
$endgroup$
– Graham Kemp
Feb 1 at 1:12










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















2












$begingroup$

Consider $U=XY, V=X/Y$, gives us that $X^2/U=V$ and $Y^2V=U$



Then as $1leq X, 1leq Y$, we have ${(U,V):1leq U ~,~ 1/Uleq Vleq U}$ as the support.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Thank you very much! Could you please include the marginal density functions in your answer? I'd be greatly thankful for that.
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 2:17






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Just integrate $$begin{align}f_U(u) &= mathbf 1_{1leq u}dfrac 1{2u^2} int_{1/u}^u dfrac 1vmathsf d v\ f_V(v) &=mathbf 1_{0<v< 1}dfrac 1{2v}int_{1/v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du+mathbf 1_{1leq v}dfrac 1{2v}int_{v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du end{align}$$
    $endgroup$
    – Graham Kemp
    Feb 1 at 3:34










  • $begingroup$
    Thanks again :)
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 4:17



















2












$begingroup$

The problem lies in that the domain
$$
left(x,yright)inleft[1,inftyright)^2
$$

and
$$
left(u,vright)inleft[1,inftyright)timesleft(0,inftyright)
$$

are not equivalent under your transformation. Instead, you may check that
$$
left{left(xy,x/yright):left(x,yright)inleft[1,inftyright)^2right}=left{yle xright}capleft{yge 1/xright}.
$$






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$














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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes








    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    2












    $begingroup$

    Consider $U=XY, V=X/Y$, gives us that $X^2/U=V$ and $Y^2V=U$



    Then as $1leq X, 1leq Y$, we have ${(U,V):1leq U ~,~ 1/Uleq Vleq U}$ as the support.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$













    • $begingroup$
      Thank you very much! Could you please include the marginal density functions in your answer? I'd be greatly thankful for that.
      $endgroup$
      – APC89
      Feb 1 at 2:17






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Just integrate $$begin{align}f_U(u) &= mathbf 1_{1leq u}dfrac 1{2u^2} int_{1/u}^u dfrac 1vmathsf d v\ f_V(v) &=mathbf 1_{0<v< 1}dfrac 1{2v}int_{1/v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du+mathbf 1_{1leq v}dfrac 1{2v}int_{v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du end{align}$$
      $endgroup$
      – Graham Kemp
      Feb 1 at 3:34










    • $begingroup$
      Thanks again :)
      $endgroup$
      – APC89
      Feb 1 at 4:17
















    2












    $begingroup$

    Consider $U=XY, V=X/Y$, gives us that $X^2/U=V$ and $Y^2V=U$



    Then as $1leq X, 1leq Y$, we have ${(U,V):1leq U ~,~ 1/Uleq Vleq U}$ as the support.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$













    • $begingroup$
      Thank you very much! Could you please include the marginal density functions in your answer? I'd be greatly thankful for that.
      $endgroup$
      – APC89
      Feb 1 at 2:17






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Just integrate $$begin{align}f_U(u) &= mathbf 1_{1leq u}dfrac 1{2u^2} int_{1/u}^u dfrac 1vmathsf d v\ f_V(v) &=mathbf 1_{0<v< 1}dfrac 1{2v}int_{1/v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du+mathbf 1_{1leq v}dfrac 1{2v}int_{v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du end{align}$$
      $endgroup$
      – Graham Kemp
      Feb 1 at 3:34










    • $begingroup$
      Thanks again :)
      $endgroup$
      – APC89
      Feb 1 at 4:17














    2












    2








    2





    $begingroup$

    Consider $U=XY, V=X/Y$, gives us that $X^2/U=V$ and $Y^2V=U$



    Then as $1leq X, 1leq Y$, we have ${(U,V):1leq U ~,~ 1/Uleq Vleq U}$ as the support.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$



    Consider $U=XY, V=X/Y$, gives us that $X^2/U=V$ and $Y^2V=U$



    Then as $1leq X, 1leq Y$, we have ${(U,V):1leq U ~,~ 1/Uleq Vleq U}$ as the support.







    share|cite|improve this answer












    share|cite|improve this answer



    share|cite|improve this answer










    answered Feb 1 at 2:07









    Graham KempGraham Kemp

    87.8k43578




    87.8k43578












    • $begingroup$
      Thank you very much! Could you please include the marginal density functions in your answer? I'd be greatly thankful for that.
      $endgroup$
      – APC89
      Feb 1 at 2:17






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Just integrate $$begin{align}f_U(u) &= mathbf 1_{1leq u}dfrac 1{2u^2} int_{1/u}^u dfrac 1vmathsf d v\ f_V(v) &=mathbf 1_{0<v< 1}dfrac 1{2v}int_{1/v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du+mathbf 1_{1leq v}dfrac 1{2v}int_{v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du end{align}$$
      $endgroup$
      – Graham Kemp
      Feb 1 at 3:34










    • $begingroup$
      Thanks again :)
      $endgroup$
      – APC89
      Feb 1 at 4:17


















    • $begingroup$
      Thank you very much! Could you please include the marginal density functions in your answer? I'd be greatly thankful for that.
      $endgroup$
      – APC89
      Feb 1 at 2:17






    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Just integrate $$begin{align}f_U(u) &= mathbf 1_{1leq u}dfrac 1{2u^2} int_{1/u}^u dfrac 1vmathsf d v\ f_V(v) &=mathbf 1_{0<v< 1}dfrac 1{2v}int_{1/v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du+mathbf 1_{1leq v}dfrac 1{2v}int_{v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du end{align}$$
      $endgroup$
      – Graham Kemp
      Feb 1 at 3:34










    • $begingroup$
      Thanks again :)
      $endgroup$
      – APC89
      Feb 1 at 4:17
















    $begingroup$
    Thank you very much! Could you please include the marginal density functions in your answer? I'd be greatly thankful for that.
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 2:17




    $begingroup$
    Thank you very much! Could you please include the marginal density functions in your answer? I'd be greatly thankful for that.
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 2:17




    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    Just integrate $$begin{align}f_U(u) &= mathbf 1_{1leq u}dfrac 1{2u^2} int_{1/u}^u dfrac 1vmathsf d v\ f_V(v) &=mathbf 1_{0<v< 1}dfrac 1{2v}int_{1/v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du+mathbf 1_{1leq v}dfrac 1{2v}int_{v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du end{align}$$
    $endgroup$
    – Graham Kemp
    Feb 1 at 3:34




    $begingroup$
    Just integrate $$begin{align}f_U(u) &= mathbf 1_{1leq u}dfrac 1{2u^2} int_{1/u}^u dfrac 1vmathsf d v\ f_V(v) &=mathbf 1_{0<v< 1}dfrac 1{2v}int_{1/v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du+mathbf 1_{1leq v}dfrac 1{2v}int_{v}^inftydfrac1{u^2}mathsf du end{align}$$
    $endgroup$
    – Graham Kemp
    Feb 1 at 3:34












    $begingroup$
    Thanks again :)
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 4:17




    $begingroup$
    Thanks again :)
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 4:17











    2












    $begingroup$

    The problem lies in that the domain
    $$
    left(x,yright)inleft[1,inftyright)^2
    $$

    and
    $$
    left(u,vright)inleft[1,inftyright)timesleft(0,inftyright)
    $$

    are not equivalent under your transformation. Instead, you may check that
    $$
    left{left(xy,x/yright):left(x,yright)inleft[1,inftyright)^2right}=left{yle xright}capleft{yge 1/xright}.
    $$






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$


















      2












      $begingroup$

      The problem lies in that the domain
      $$
      left(x,yright)inleft[1,inftyright)^2
      $$

      and
      $$
      left(u,vright)inleft[1,inftyright)timesleft(0,inftyright)
      $$

      are not equivalent under your transformation. Instead, you may check that
      $$
      left{left(xy,x/yright):left(x,yright)inleft[1,inftyright)^2right}=left{yle xright}capleft{yge 1/xright}.
      $$






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$
















        2












        2








        2





        $begingroup$

        The problem lies in that the domain
        $$
        left(x,yright)inleft[1,inftyright)^2
        $$

        and
        $$
        left(u,vright)inleft[1,inftyright)timesleft(0,inftyright)
        $$

        are not equivalent under your transformation. Instead, you may check that
        $$
        left{left(xy,x/yright):left(x,yright)inleft[1,inftyright)^2right}=left{yle xright}capleft{yge 1/xright}.
        $$






        share|cite|improve this answer









        $endgroup$



        The problem lies in that the domain
        $$
        left(x,yright)inleft[1,inftyright)^2
        $$

        and
        $$
        left(u,vright)inleft[1,inftyright)timesleft(0,inftyright)
        $$

        are not equivalent under your transformation. Instead, you may check that
        $$
        left{left(xy,x/yright):left(x,yright)inleft[1,inftyright)^2right}=left{yle xright}capleft{yge 1/xright}.
        $$







        share|cite|improve this answer












        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer










        answered Feb 1 at 1:06









        hypernovahypernova

        4,979514




        4,979514






























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