Orthogonal projection in Hilbert space












1












$begingroup$


Projector $Pneq0$ is orthogonal projection if and only if satisfied some of the following mutually equivalent conditions:



a) $P$ is self-adjoint, $P=P^*$



b) $P$ is normal, i.e. $P^*P=PP^*$



c) $P$ is positive



d) $|P|=1$



By definition, if $Pneq 0$ is orthogonal projector that is equivalent with a).



$a)implies b):$ $P^*P=P^2=PP^*$



$a)iff c):$ $P$ is positive if it's square form is nonnegative. That is equivalent with $langle Pf,frangle$ is real. Operator is self adjoint iff it's square form is real.



Can anyone give me a hint how to prove rest of implications.










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$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Topology and Modern Analysis by George Simmons is a good reference for this. The proofs are somewhat long and the result is available in many books. Your proof of a) iff c) is not correct.
    $endgroup$
    – Kavi Rama Murthy
    Jan 12 at 23:29












  • $begingroup$
    In the mentioned book I couldn't find the proofs. Can you tell me other references?
    $endgroup$
    – Hana
    Jan 14 at 11:46
















1












$begingroup$


Projector $Pneq0$ is orthogonal projection if and only if satisfied some of the following mutually equivalent conditions:



a) $P$ is self-adjoint, $P=P^*$



b) $P$ is normal, i.e. $P^*P=PP^*$



c) $P$ is positive



d) $|P|=1$



By definition, if $Pneq 0$ is orthogonal projector that is equivalent with a).



$a)implies b):$ $P^*P=P^2=PP^*$



$a)iff c):$ $P$ is positive if it's square form is nonnegative. That is equivalent with $langle Pf,frangle$ is real. Operator is self adjoint iff it's square form is real.



Can anyone give me a hint how to prove rest of implications.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Topology and Modern Analysis by George Simmons is a good reference for this. The proofs are somewhat long and the result is available in many books. Your proof of a) iff c) is not correct.
    $endgroup$
    – Kavi Rama Murthy
    Jan 12 at 23:29












  • $begingroup$
    In the mentioned book I couldn't find the proofs. Can you tell me other references?
    $endgroup$
    – Hana
    Jan 14 at 11:46














1












1








1





$begingroup$


Projector $Pneq0$ is orthogonal projection if and only if satisfied some of the following mutually equivalent conditions:



a) $P$ is self-adjoint, $P=P^*$



b) $P$ is normal, i.e. $P^*P=PP^*$



c) $P$ is positive



d) $|P|=1$



By definition, if $Pneq 0$ is orthogonal projector that is equivalent with a).



$a)implies b):$ $P^*P=P^2=PP^*$



$a)iff c):$ $P$ is positive if it's square form is nonnegative. That is equivalent with $langle Pf,frangle$ is real. Operator is self adjoint iff it's square form is real.



Can anyone give me a hint how to prove rest of implications.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




Projector $Pneq0$ is orthogonal projection if and only if satisfied some of the following mutually equivalent conditions:



a) $P$ is self-adjoint, $P=P^*$



b) $P$ is normal, i.e. $P^*P=PP^*$



c) $P$ is positive



d) $|P|=1$



By definition, if $Pneq 0$ is orthogonal projector that is equivalent with a).



$a)implies b):$ $P^*P=P^2=PP^*$



$a)iff c):$ $P$ is positive if it's square form is nonnegative. That is equivalent with $langle Pf,frangle$ is real. Operator is self adjoint iff it's square form is real.



Can anyone give me a hint how to prove rest of implications.







functional-analysis orthonormal projection






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share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Jan 12 at 22:17









Bernard

121k740116




121k740116










asked Jan 12 at 22:11









HanaHana

161




161












  • $begingroup$
    Topology and Modern Analysis by George Simmons is a good reference for this. The proofs are somewhat long and the result is available in many books. Your proof of a) iff c) is not correct.
    $endgroup$
    – Kavi Rama Murthy
    Jan 12 at 23:29












  • $begingroup$
    In the mentioned book I couldn't find the proofs. Can you tell me other references?
    $endgroup$
    – Hana
    Jan 14 at 11:46


















  • $begingroup$
    Topology and Modern Analysis by George Simmons is a good reference for this. The proofs are somewhat long and the result is available in many books. Your proof of a) iff c) is not correct.
    $endgroup$
    – Kavi Rama Murthy
    Jan 12 at 23:29












  • $begingroup$
    In the mentioned book I couldn't find the proofs. Can you tell me other references?
    $endgroup$
    – Hana
    Jan 14 at 11:46
















$begingroup$
Topology and Modern Analysis by George Simmons is a good reference for this. The proofs are somewhat long and the result is available in many books. Your proof of a) iff c) is not correct.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 12 at 23:29






$begingroup$
Topology and Modern Analysis by George Simmons is a good reference for this. The proofs are somewhat long and the result is available in many books. Your proof of a) iff c) is not correct.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 12 at 23:29














$begingroup$
In the mentioned book I couldn't find the proofs. Can you tell me other references?
$endgroup$
– Hana
Jan 14 at 11:46




$begingroup$
In the mentioned book I couldn't find the proofs. Can you tell me other references?
$endgroup$
– Hana
Jan 14 at 11:46










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