Tricky problem of infinite harmonic sum of polynomials












2












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Let A be the set of all polynomials f with positive integral coefficients such that $f(n)|(2^n-1)$ for all $Ainmathbb{N}$. Then $$sum_{fin A} {1over f(2019)}=?$$



I tried to define a polynomial, but where is the degree? Hence I considered all polynomials that leave remainder $1$ mod $f.$ Hence $2^n-1$ is divisible. But actually I cannot guess how to proceed! Please help!










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  • $begingroup$
    What is the source of all the questions you are asking?
    $endgroup$
    – lulu
    Jan 20 at 15:36










  • $begingroup$
    My unsolved problems in todays exam
    $endgroup$
    – user636268
    Jan 20 at 15:36










  • $begingroup$
    Do you mean ... Let $A$ be the set of all polynomials $f$ with positive integral coefficients such that $f(n)|(2^n-1)$ for all $n in mathbb{N}$. Then $$sum_{fin A} frac{1}{f(2019)}=text{?}$$ (Note that, along with formatting, I replaced "for all $Ainmathbb{N}$" with "for all $ninmathbb{N}$".)
    $endgroup$
    – Blue
    Jan 20 at 15:45










  • $begingroup$
    Yes! But i could not type it so replaced it
    $endgroup$
    – user636268
    Jan 20 at 15:51






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Let us start by trying to understand the set $A$ better. According to the conditions on $f$ we must have $f(1) = 1$ (take $n=1$ and use that $f$ has positive coefficents). But since $f$ has positive, integral coefficients, this seems to indicate that $f$ must have the form $f(x) = x^k$. But in order for an $f$ on this form to meet the condition we would have to have that $k$ should divide $2^k -1$ for all $k$, which is clearly not true. So I suspect $A$ is empty, hence the sum is 0.
    $endgroup$
    – Testcase
    Jan 20 at 17:29


















2












$begingroup$


Let A be the set of all polynomials f with positive integral coefficients such that $f(n)|(2^n-1)$ for all $Ainmathbb{N}$. Then $$sum_{fin A} {1over f(2019)}=?$$



I tried to define a polynomial, but where is the degree? Hence I considered all polynomials that leave remainder $1$ mod $f.$ Hence $2^n-1$ is divisible. But actually I cannot guess how to proceed! Please help!










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    What is the source of all the questions you are asking?
    $endgroup$
    – lulu
    Jan 20 at 15:36










  • $begingroup$
    My unsolved problems in todays exam
    $endgroup$
    – user636268
    Jan 20 at 15:36










  • $begingroup$
    Do you mean ... Let $A$ be the set of all polynomials $f$ with positive integral coefficients such that $f(n)|(2^n-1)$ for all $n in mathbb{N}$. Then $$sum_{fin A} frac{1}{f(2019)}=text{?}$$ (Note that, along with formatting, I replaced "for all $Ainmathbb{N}$" with "for all $ninmathbb{N}$".)
    $endgroup$
    – Blue
    Jan 20 at 15:45










  • $begingroup$
    Yes! But i could not type it so replaced it
    $endgroup$
    – user636268
    Jan 20 at 15:51






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Let us start by trying to understand the set $A$ better. According to the conditions on $f$ we must have $f(1) = 1$ (take $n=1$ and use that $f$ has positive coefficents). But since $f$ has positive, integral coefficients, this seems to indicate that $f$ must have the form $f(x) = x^k$. But in order for an $f$ on this form to meet the condition we would have to have that $k$ should divide $2^k -1$ for all $k$, which is clearly not true. So I suspect $A$ is empty, hence the sum is 0.
    $endgroup$
    – Testcase
    Jan 20 at 17:29
















2












2








2





$begingroup$


Let A be the set of all polynomials f with positive integral coefficients such that $f(n)|(2^n-1)$ for all $Ainmathbb{N}$. Then $$sum_{fin A} {1over f(2019)}=?$$



I tried to define a polynomial, but where is the degree? Hence I considered all polynomials that leave remainder $1$ mod $f.$ Hence $2^n-1$ is divisible. But actually I cannot guess how to proceed! Please help!










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




Let A be the set of all polynomials f with positive integral coefficients such that $f(n)|(2^n-1)$ for all $Ainmathbb{N}$. Then $$sum_{fin A} {1over f(2019)}=?$$



I tried to define a polynomial, but where is the degree? Hence I considered all polynomials that leave remainder $1$ mod $f.$ Hence $2^n-1$ is divisible. But actually I cannot guess how to proceed! Please help!







polynomials






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share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Jan 20 at 16:01









Lee David Chung Lin

4,37031241




4,37031241










asked Jan 20 at 15:34







user636268



















  • $begingroup$
    What is the source of all the questions you are asking?
    $endgroup$
    – lulu
    Jan 20 at 15:36










  • $begingroup$
    My unsolved problems in todays exam
    $endgroup$
    – user636268
    Jan 20 at 15:36










  • $begingroup$
    Do you mean ... Let $A$ be the set of all polynomials $f$ with positive integral coefficients such that $f(n)|(2^n-1)$ for all $n in mathbb{N}$. Then $$sum_{fin A} frac{1}{f(2019)}=text{?}$$ (Note that, along with formatting, I replaced "for all $Ainmathbb{N}$" with "for all $ninmathbb{N}$".)
    $endgroup$
    – Blue
    Jan 20 at 15:45










  • $begingroup$
    Yes! But i could not type it so replaced it
    $endgroup$
    – user636268
    Jan 20 at 15:51






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Let us start by trying to understand the set $A$ better. According to the conditions on $f$ we must have $f(1) = 1$ (take $n=1$ and use that $f$ has positive coefficents). But since $f$ has positive, integral coefficients, this seems to indicate that $f$ must have the form $f(x) = x^k$. But in order for an $f$ on this form to meet the condition we would have to have that $k$ should divide $2^k -1$ for all $k$, which is clearly not true. So I suspect $A$ is empty, hence the sum is 0.
    $endgroup$
    – Testcase
    Jan 20 at 17:29




















  • $begingroup$
    What is the source of all the questions you are asking?
    $endgroup$
    – lulu
    Jan 20 at 15:36










  • $begingroup$
    My unsolved problems in todays exam
    $endgroup$
    – user636268
    Jan 20 at 15:36










  • $begingroup$
    Do you mean ... Let $A$ be the set of all polynomials $f$ with positive integral coefficients such that $f(n)|(2^n-1)$ for all $n in mathbb{N}$. Then $$sum_{fin A} frac{1}{f(2019)}=text{?}$$ (Note that, along with formatting, I replaced "for all $Ainmathbb{N}$" with "for all $ninmathbb{N}$".)
    $endgroup$
    – Blue
    Jan 20 at 15:45










  • $begingroup$
    Yes! But i could not type it so replaced it
    $endgroup$
    – user636268
    Jan 20 at 15:51






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Let us start by trying to understand the set $A$ better. According to the conditions on $f$ we must have $f(1) = 1$ (take $n=1$ and use that $f$ has positive coefficents). But since $f$ has positive, integral coefficients, this seems to indicate that $f$ must have the form $f(x) = x^k$. But in order for an $f$ on this form to meet the condition we would have to have that $k$ should divide $2^k -1$ for all $k$, which is clearly not true. So I suspect $A$ is empty, hence the sum is 0.
    $endgroup$
    – Testcase
    Jan 20 at 17:29


















$begingroup$
What is the source of all the questions you are asking?
$endgroup$
– lulu
Jan 20 at 15:36




$begingroup$
What is the source of all the questions you are asking?
$endgroup$
– lulu
Jan 20 at 15:36












$begingroup$
My unsolved problems in todays exam
$endgroup$
– user636268
Jan 20 at 15:36




$begingroup$
My unsolved problems in todays exam
$endgroup$
– user636268
Jan 20 at 15:36












$begingroup$
Do you mean ... Let $A$ be the set of all polynomials $f$ with positive integral coefficients such that $f(n)|(2^n-1)$ for all $n in mathbb{N}$. Then $$sum_{fin A} frac{1}{f(2019)}=text{?}$$ (Note that, along with formatting, I replaced "for all $Ainmathbb{N}$" with "for all $ninmathbb{N}$".)
$endgroup$
– Blue
Jan 20 at 15:45




$begingroup$
Do you mean ... Let $A$ be the set of all polynomials $f$ with positive integral coefficients such that $f(n)|(2^n-1)$ for all $n in mathbb{N}$. Then $$sum_{fin A} frac{1}{f(2019)}=text{?}$$ (Note that, along with formatting, I replaced "for all $Ainmathbb{N}$" with "for all $ninmathbb{N}$".)
$endgroup$
– Blue
Jan 20 at 15:45












$begingroup$
Yes! But i could not type it so replaced it
$endgroup$
– user636268
Jan 20 at 15:51




$begingroup$
Yes! But i could not type it so replaced it
$endgroup$
– user636268
Jan 20 at 15:51




1




1




$begingroup$
Let us start by trying to understand the set $A$ better. According to the conditions on $f$ we must have $f(1) = 1$ (take $n=1$ and use that $f$ has positive coefficents). But since $f$ has positive, integral coefficients, this seems to indicate that $f$ must have the form $f(x) = x^k$. But in order for an $f$ on this form to meet the condition we would have to have that $k$ should divide $2^k -1$ for all $k$, which is clearly not true. So I suspect $A$ is empty, hence the sum is 0.
$endgroup$
– Testcase
Jan 20 at 17:29






$begingroup$
Let us start by trying to understand the set $A$ better. According to the conditions on $f$ we must have $f(1) = 1$ (take $n=1$ and use that $f$ has positive coefficents). But since $f$ has positive, integral coefficients, this seems to indicate that $f$ must have the form $f(x) = x^k$. But in order for an $f$ on this form to meet the condition we would have to have that $k$ should divide $2^k -1$ for all $k$, which is clearly not true. So I suspect $A$ is empty, hence the sum is 0.
$endgroup$
– Testcase
Jan 20 at 17:29












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