Transformation of random variables: what went wrong?












0












$begingroup$


Assume that $X_{1}$ and $X_{2}$ are independent exponential random variables with parameter $lambda$. Let $Y_{1} = X_{1} + X_{2}$ and $Y_{2} = X_{1} - X_{2}$. Determine



(a) Find the joint distribution of $Y_{1}$ and $Y_{2}$



(b) Find the marginal distribution of $Y_{1}$



(c) Find the marginal distribution of $Y_{2}$



d) Are $Y_{1}$ and $Y_{2}$ independent?



MY SOLUTION



(a) To begin with, I noticed that $X_{1} = (Y_{1} + Y_{2})/2$ and $X_{2} = (Y_{1} - Y_{2})/2$. Hence we get
begin{align*}
f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(Y_{1},Y_{2}) & = f_{X_{1},X_{2}}left(frac{Y_{1}+Y_{2}}{2},frac{Y_{1}-Y_{2}}{2}right)|det J(y_{1},y_{2})|\\
& = frac{1}{2}f_{X_{1}}left(frac{Y_{1} + Y_{2}}{2}right)f_{X_{2}}left(frac{Y_{1}-Y_{2}}{2}right) = frac{lambda^{2}}{2}exp(-lambda y_{1})
end{align*}



where the support of $Y$ is given by the intersection of $Y_{1} - Y_{2} geq 0$ and $Y_{1} + Y_{2} geq 0$.



(b) According to the definition of marginal distribution, we have
begin{align*}
f_{Y_{1}}(y_{1}) = int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{2} = int_{-y_{1}}^{y_{1}}frac{lambda^{2}}{2}exp(-lambda y_{1})mathrm{d}y_{2} = lambda^{2}y_{1}exp(-lambda y_{1})
end{align*}



where $y_{1} geq 0$.



(c) Analogously, we have
begin{align*}
f_{Y_{2}}(y_{2}) = int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} = int_{y_{2}}^{infty}frac{lambda^{2}}{2}exp(-lambda y_{1})mathrm{d}y_{1} = frac{lambda}{2}exp(-lambda y_{2})
end{align*}



Then I get stuck, because I do not know how to describe the support of $Y_{2}$ neither if the integration limits are wrong. Could someone help me out?










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    the support of $Y_2 + X_2$ is $mathbb{R^{+}}$ and the support of $X_2$ is $mathbb{R^{+}}$, from this you can conclude that the support of $Y_2$ is $mathbb{R}$
    $endgroup$
    – rapidracim
    Feb 1 at 20:02










  • $begingroup$
    I thought so, but the problem is the marginal probability density function expression: when you make $y_{2}$ varies from $-infty$ to $+infty$, the integral diverges. So could you help me find out where is the mistake? By the way, if the one half disappears, we get an exponential random variable.
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:04












  • $begingroup$
    btw have you tried finding the distribution of $-X_2$ and then use the convolution formula for the distribution of $Y_2$ ?
    $endgroup$
    – rapidracim
    Feb 1 at 20:09












  • $begingroup$
    We haven't studied the convolution formula yet.
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:10






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    The solution of (c) should read $$f_{Y_2}(y_2) = int_{|y_2|}^infty frac{lambda^2}2exp(-lambda y_1)mathrm dy_1 = frac{lambda}2exp(-lambda |y_2|) $$ for every $y_2$ in $mathbb R$.
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Feb 1 at 20:13
















0












$begingroup$


Assume that $X_{1}$ and $X_{2}$ are independent exponential random variables with parameter $lambda$. Let $Y_{1} = X_{1} + X_{2}$ and $Y_{2} = X_{1} - X_{2}$. Determine



(a) Find the joint distribution of $Y_{1}$ and $Y_{2}$



(b) Find the marginal distribution of $Y_{1}$



(c) Find the marginal distribution of $Y_{2}$



d) Are $Y_{1}$ and $Y_{2}$ independent?



MY SOLUTION



(a) To begin with, I noticed that $X_{1} = (Y_{1} + Y_{2})/2$ and $X_{2} = (Y_{1} - Y_{2})/2$. Hence we get
begin{align*}
f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(Y_{1},Y_{2}) & = f_{X_{1},X_{2}}left(frac{Y_{1}+Y_{2}}{2},frac{Y_{1}-Y_{2}}{2}right)|det J(y_{1},y_{2})|\\
& = frac{1}{2}f_{X_{1}}left(frac{Y_{1} + Y_{2}}{2}right)f_{X_{2}}left(frac{Y_{1}-Y_{2}}{2}right) = frac{lambda^{2}}{2}exp(-lambda y_{1})
end{align*}



where the support of $Y$ is given by the intersection of $Y_{1} - Y_{2} geq 0$ and $Y_{1} + Y_{2} geq 0$.



(b) According to the definition of marginal distribution, we have
begin{align*}
f_{Y_{1}}(y_{1}) = int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{2} = int_{-y_{1}}^{y_{1}}frac{lambda^{2}}{2}exp(-lambda y_{1})mathrm{d}y_{2} = lambda^{2}y_{1}exp(-lambda y_{1})
end{align*}



where $y_{1} geq 0$.



(c) Analogously, we have
begin{align*}
f_{Y_{2}}(y_{2}) = int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} = int_{y_{2}}^{infty}frac{lambda^{2}}{2}exp(-lambda y_{1})mathrm{d}y_{1} = frac{lambda}{2}exp(-lambda y_{2})
end{align*}



Then I get stuck, because I do not know how to describe the support of $Y_{2}$ neither if the integration limits are wrong. Could someone help me out?










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    the support of $Y_2 + X_2$ is $mathbb{R^{+}}$ and the support of $X_2$ is $mathbb{R^{+}}$, from this you can conclude that the support of $Y_2$ is $mathbb{R}$
    $endgroup$
    – rapidracim
    Feb 1 at 20:02










  • $begingroup$
    I thought so, but the problem is the marginal probability density function expression: when you make $y_{2}$ varies from $-infty$ to $+infty$, the integral diverges. So could you help me find out where is the mistake? By the way, if the one half disappears, we get an exponential random variable.
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:04












  • $begingroup$
    btw have you tried finding the distribution of $-X_2$ and then use the convolution formula for the distribution of $Y_2$ ?
    $endgroup$
    – rapidracim
    Feb 1 at 20:09












  • $begingroup$
    We haven't studied the convolution formula yet.
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:10






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    The solution of (c) should read $$f_{Y_2}(y_2) = int_{|y_2|}^infty frac{lambda^2}2exp(-lambda y_1)mathrm dy_1 = frac{lambda}2exp(-lambda |y_2|) $$ for every $y_2$ in $mathbb R$.
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Feb 1 at 20:13














0












0








0





$begingroup$


Assume that $X_{1}$ and $X_{2}$ are independent exponential random variables with parameter $lambda$. Let $Y_{1} = X_{1} + X_{2}$ and $Y_{2} = X_{1} - X_{2}$. Determine



(a) Find the joint distribution of $Y_{1}$ and $Y_{2}$



(b) Find the marginal distribution of $Y_{1}$



(c) Find the marginal distribution of $Y_{2}$



d) Are $Y_{1}$ and $Y_{2}$ independent?



MY SOLUTION



(a) To begin with, I noticed that $X_{1} = (Y_{1} + Y_{2})/2$ and $X_{2} = (Y_{1} - Y_{2})/2$. Hence we get
begin{align*}
f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(Y_{1},Y_{2}) & = f_{X_{1},X_{2}}left(frac{Y_{1}+Y_{2}}{2},frac{Y_{1}-Y_{2}}{2}right)|det J(y_{1},y_{2})|\\
& = frac{1}{2}f_{X_{1}}left(frac{Y_{1} + Y_{2}}{2}right)f_{X_{2}}left(frac{Y_{1}-Y_{2}}{2}right) = frac{lambda^{2}}{2}exp(-lambda y_{1})
end{align*}



where the support of $Y$ is given by the intersection of $Y_{1} - Y_{2} geq 0$ and $Y_{1} + Y_{2} geq 0$.



(b) According to the definition of marginal distribution, we have
begin{align*}
f_{Y_{1}}(y_{1}) = int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{2} = int_{-y_{1}}^{y_{1}}frac{lambda^{2}}{2}exp(-lambda y_{1})mathrm{d}y_{2} = lambda^{2}y_{1}exp(-lambda y_{1})
end{align*}



where $y_{1} geq 0$.



(c) Analogously, we have
begin{align*}
f_{Y_{2}}(y_{2}) = int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} = int_{y_{2}}^{infty}frac{lambda^{2}}{2}exp(-lambda y_{1})mathrm{d}y_{1} = frac{lambda}{2}exp(-lambda y_{2})
end{align*}



Then I get stuck, because I do not know how to describe the support of $Y_{2}$ neither if the integration limits are wrong. Could someone help me out?










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




Assume that $X_{1}$ and $X_{2}$ are independent exponential random variables with parameter $lambda$. Let $Y_{1} = X_{1} + X_{2}$ and $Y_{2} = X_{1} - X_{2}$. Determine



(a) Find the joint distribution of $Y_{1}$ and $Y_{2}$



(b) Find the marginal distribution of $Y_{1}$



(c) Find the marginal distribution of $Y_{2}$



d) Are $Y_{1}$ and $Y_{2}$ independent?



MY SOLUTION



(a) To begin with, I noticed that $X_{1} = (Y_{1} + Y_{2})/2$ and $X_{2} = (Y_{1} - Y_{2})/2$. Hence we get
begin{align*}
f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(Y_{1},Y_{2}) & = f_{X_{1},X_{2}}left(frac{Y_{1}+Y_{2}}{2},frac{Y_{1}-Y_{2}}{2}right)|det J(y_{1},y_{2})|\\
& = frac{1}{2}f_{X_{1}}left(frac{Y_{1} + Y_{2}}{2}right)f_{X_{2}}left(frac{Y_{1}-Y_{2}}{2}right) = frac{lambda^{2}}{2}exp(-lambda y_{1})
end{align*}



where the support of $Y$ is given by the intersection of $Y_{1} - Y_{2} geq 0$ and $Y_{1} + Y_{2} geq 0$.



(b) According to the definition of marginal distribution, we have
begin{align*}
f_{Y_{1}}(y_{1}) = int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{2} = int_{-y_{1}}^{y_{1}}frac{lambda^{2}}{2}exp(-lambda y_{1})mathrm{d}y_{2} = lambda^{2}y_{1}exp(-lambda y_{1})
end{align*}



where $y_{1} geq 0$.



(c) Analogously, we have
begin{align*}
f_{Y_{2}}(y_{2}) = int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} = int_{y_{2}}^{infty}frac{lambda^{2}}{2}exp(-lambda y_{1})mathrm{d}y_{1} = frac{lambda}{2}exp(-lambda y_{2})
end{align*}



Then I get stuck, because I do not know how to describe the support of $Y_{2}$ neither if the integration limits are wrong. Could someone help me out?







probability-theory proof-verification probability-distributions change-of-variable






share|cite|improve this question















share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Feb 1 at 20:13









Did

249k23228466




249k23228466










asked Feb 1 at 19:48









APC89APC89

2,371720




2,371720












  • $begingroup$
    the support of $Y_2 + X_2$ is $mathbb{R^{+}}$ and the support of $X_2$ is $mathbb{R^{+}}$, from this you can conclude that the support of $Y_2$ is $mathbb{R}$
    $endgroup$
    – rapidracim
    Feb 1 at 20:02










  • $begingroup$
    I thought so, but the problem is the marginal probability density function expression: when you make $y_{2}$ varies from $-infty$ to $+infty$, the integral diverges. So could you help me find out where is the mistake? By the way, if the one half disappears, we get an exponential random variable.
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:04












  • $begingroup$
    btw have you tried finding the distribution of $-X_2$ and then use the convolution formula for the distribution of $Y_2$ ?
    $endgroup$
    – rapidracim
    Feb 1 at 20:09












  • $begingroup$
    We haven't studied the convolution formula yet.
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:10






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    The solution of (c) should read $$f_{Y_2}(y_2) = int_{|y_2|}^infty frac{lambda^2}2exp(-lambda y_1)mathrm dy_1 = frac{lambda}2exp(-lambda |y_2|) $$ for every $y_2$ in $mathbb R$.
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Feb 1 at 20:13


















  • $begingroup$
    the support of $Y_2 + X_2$ is $mathbb{R^{+}}$ and the support of $X_2$ is $mathbb{R^{+}}$, from this you can conclude that the support of $Y_2$ is $mathbb{R}$
    $endgroup$
    – rapidracim
    Feb 1 at 20:02










  • $begingroup$
    I thought so, but the problem is the marginal probability density function expression: when you make $y_{2}$ varies from $-infty$ to $+infty$, the integral diverges. So could you help me find out where is the mistake? By the way, if the one half disappears, we get an exponential random variable.
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:04












  • $begingroup$
    btw have you tried finding the distribution of $-X_2$ and then use the convolution formula for the distribution of $Y_2$ ?
    $endgroup$
    – rapidracim
    Feb 1 at 20:09












  • $begingroup$
    We haven't studied the convolution formula yet.
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:10






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    The solution of (c) should read $$f_{Y_2}(y_2) = int_{|y_2|}^infty frac{lambda^2}2exp(-lambda y_1)mathrm dy_1 = frac{lambda}2exp(-lambda |y_2|) $$ for every $y_2$ in $mathbb R$.
    $endgroup$
    – Did
    Feb 1 at 20:13
















$begingroup$
the support of $Y_2 + X_2$ is $mathbb{R^{+}}$ and the support of $X_2$ is $mathbb{R^{+}}$, from this you can conclude that the support of $Y_2$ is $mathbb{R}$
$endgroup$
– rapidracim
Feb 1 at 20:02




$begingroup$
the support of $Y_2 + X_2$ is $mathbb{R^{+}}$ and the support of $X_2$ is $mathbb{R^{+}}$, from this you can conclude that the support of $Y_2$ is $mathbb{R}$
$endgroup$
– rapidracim
Feb 1 at 20:02












$begingroup$
I thought so, but the problem is the marginal probability density function expression: when you make $y_{2}$ varies from $-infty$ to $+infty$, the integral diverges. So could you help me find out where is the mistake? By the way, if the one half disappears, we get an exponential random variable.
$endgroup$
– APC89
Feb 1 at 20:04






$begingroup$
I thought so, but the problem is the marginal probability density function expression: when you make $y_{2}$ varies from $-infty$ to $+infty$, the integral diverges. So could you help me find out where is the mistake? By the way, if the one half disappears, we get an exponential random variable.
$endgroup$
– APC89
Feb 1 at 20:04














$begingroup$
btw have you tried finding the distribution of $-X_2$ and then use the convolution formula for the distribution of $Y_2$ ?
$endgroup$
– rapidracim
Feb 1 at 20:09






$begingroup$
btw have you tried finding the distribution of $-X_2$ and then use the convolution formula for the distribution of $Y_2$ ?
$endgroup$
– rapidracim
Feb 1 at 20:09














$begingroup$
We haven't studied the convolution formula yet.
$endgroup$
– APC89
Feb 1 at 20:10




$begingroup$
We haven't studied the convolution formula yet.
$endgroup$
– APC89
Feb 1 at 20:10




1




1




$begingroup$
The solution of (c) should read $$f_{Y_2}(y_2) = int_{|y_2|}^infty frac{lambda^2}2exp(-lambda y_1)mathrm dy_1 = frac{lambda}2exp(-lambda |y_2|) $$ for every $y_2$ in $mathbb R$.
$endgroup$
– Did
Feb 1 at 20:13




$begingroup$
The solution of (c) should read $$f_{Y_2}(y_2) = int_{|y_2|}^infty frac{lambda^2}2exp(-lambda y_1)mathrm dy_1 = frac{lambda}2exp(-lambda |y_2|) $$ for every $y_2$ in $mathbb R$.
$endgroup$
– Did
Feb 1 at 20:13










1 Answer
1






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$begingroup$

you must have $Y_1 ge Y_2$ AND $Y_1 ge - Y_2$



meaning you must have $Y_1 ge max(Y_2,-Y_2) = |Y_2| $



begin{align*}
f_{Y_{2}}(y_{2}) &= int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} \ &= int_{|y_2|}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} \
&= frac{lambda}{2}exp(-lambda |y_{2}|)
end{align*}






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Thank you for the contribution!
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:14












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1 Answer
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1 Answer
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active

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2












$begingroup$

you must have $Y_1 ge Y_2$ AND $Y_1 ge - Y_2$



meaning you must have $Y_1 ge max(Y_2,-Y_2) = |Y_2| $



begin{align*}
f_{Y_{2}}(y_{2}) &= int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} \ &= int_{|y_2|}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} \
&= frac{lambda}{2}exp(-lambda |y_{2}|)
end{align*}






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Thank you for the contribution!
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:14
















2












$begingroup$

you must have $Y_1 ge Y_2$ AND $Y_1 ge - Y_2$



meaning you must have $Y_1 ge max(Y_2,-Y_2) = |Y_2| $



begin{align*}
f_{Y_{2}}(y_{2}) &= int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} \ &= int_{|y_2|}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} \
&= frac{lambda}{2}exp(-lambda |y_{2}|)
end{align*}






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Thank you for the contribution!
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:14














2












2








2





$begingroup$

you must have $Y_1 ge Y_2$ AND $Y_1 ge - Y_2$



meaning you must have $Y_1 ge max(Y_2,-Y_2) = |Y_2| $



begin{align*}
f_{Y_{2}}(y_{2}) &= int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} \ &= int_{|y_2|}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} \
&= frac{lambda}{2}exp(-lambda |y_{2}|)
end{align*}






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$



you must have $Y_1 ge Y_2$ AND $Y_1 ge - Y_2$



meaning you must have $Y_1 ge max(Y_2,-Y_2) = |Y_2| $



begin{align*}
f_{Y_{2}}(y_{2}) &= int_{-infty}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} \ &= int_{|y_2|}^{+infty}f_{Y_{1},Y_{2}}(y_{1},y_{2})mathrm{d}y_{1} \
&= frac{lambda}{2}exp(-lambda |y_{2}|)
end{align*}







share|cite|improve this answer












share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer










answered Feb 1 at 20:13









rapidracimrapidracim

1,7441419




1,7441419












  • $begingroup$
    Thank you for the contribution!
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:14


















  • $begingroup$
    Thank you for the contribution!
    $endgroup$
    – APC89
    Feb 1 at 20:14
















$begingroup$
Thank you for the contribution!
$endgroup$
– APC89
Feb 1 at 20:14




$begingroup$
Thank you for the contribution!
$endgroup$
– APC89
Feb 1 at 20:14


















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