How to get perpendicular line to an edge of a polygon.












1












$begingroup$


This is a pretty basic geometry question, but I couldn't find an answer clear enough for me on Google (I don't know much about math).



Let's say I have a rectangle. I have the coordinates for the four vertices, thus I have the angles of the rectangle and the lengths of the edges.



I need to find one perpendicular line for each of the shape's edges. How can I do that, the simplest way?



Thanks



Edit:



What I mean: I need to know how to find the lines that come out of the rectangle's edges.



enter image description here










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Will these perpendicular lines need to be different from the other sides of the rectangle? In particular, by "rectangle" I assume that you mean "a four-sided two-dimensional figure in the plane having all interior angles congruent to $90^circ$"...
    $endgroup$
    – abiessu
    Jan 6 '14 at 18:18












  • $begingroup$
    Please see my edit, it explains what I mean.
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 18:31
















1












$begingroup$


This is a pretty basic geometry question, but I couldn't find an answer clear enough for me on Google (I don't know much about math).



Let's say I have a rectangle. I have the coordinates for the four vertices, thus I have the angles of the rectangle and the lengths of the edges.



I need to find one perpendicular line for each of the shape's edges. How can I do that, the simplest way?



Thanks



Edit:



What I mean: I need to know how to find the lines that come out of the rectangle's edges.



enter image description here










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Will these perpendicular lines need to be different from the other sides of the rectangle? In particular, by "rectangle" I assume that you mean "a four-sided two-dimensional figure in the plane having all interior angles congruent to $90^circ$"...
    $endgroup$
    – abiessu
    Jan 6 '14 at 18:18












  • $begingroup$
    Please see my edit, it explains what I mean.
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 18:31














1












1








1





$begingroup$


This is a pretty basic geometry question, but I couldn't find an answer clear enough for me on Google (I don't know much about math).



Let's say I have a rectangle. I have the coordinates for the four vertices, thus I have the angles of the rectangle and the lengths of the edges.



I need to find one perpendicular line for each of the shape's edges. How can I do that, the simplest way?



Thanks



Edit:



What I mean: I need to know how to find the lines that come out of the rectangle's edges.



enter image description here










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




This is a pretty basic geometry question, but I couldn't find an answer clear enough for me on Google (I don't know much about math).



Let's say I have a rectangle. I have the coordinates for the four vertices, thus I have the angles of the rectangle and the lengths of the edges.



I need to find one perpendicular line for each of the shape's edges. How can I do that, the simplest way?



Thanks



Edit:



What I mean: I need to know how to find the lines that come out of the rectangle's edges.



enter image description here







geometry






share|cite|improve this question















share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Jan 6 '14 at 18:31







user3150201

















asked Jan 6 '14 at 18:15









user3150201user3150201

250238




250238












  • $begingroup$
    Will these perpendicular lines need to be different from the other sides of the rectangle? In particular, by "rectangle" I assume that you mean "a four-sided two-dimensional figure in the plane having all interior angles congruent to $90^circ$"...
    $endgroup$
    – abiessu
    Jan 6 '14 at 18:18












  • $begingroup$
    Please see my edit, it explains what I mean.
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 18:31


















  • $begingroup$
    Will these perpendicular lines need to be different from the other sides of the rectangle? In particular, by "rectangle" I assume that you mean "a four-sided two-dimensional figure in the plane having all interior angles congruent to $90^circ$"...
    $endgroup$
    – abiessu
    Jan 6 '14 at 18:18












  • $begingroup$
    Please see my edit, it explains what I mean.
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 18:31
















$begingroup$
Will these perpendicular lines need to be different from the other sides of the rectangle? In particular, by "rectangle" I assume that you mean "a four-sided two-dimensional figure in the plane having all interior angles congruent to $90^circ$"...
$endgroup$
– abiessu
Jan 6 '14 at 18:18






$begingroup$
Will these perpendicular lines need to be different from the other sides of the rectangle? In particular, by "rectangle" I assume that you mean "a four-sided two-dimensional figure in the plane having all interior angles congruent to $90^circ$"...
$endgroup$
– abiessu
Jan 6 '14 at 18:18














$begingroup$
Please see my edit, it explains what I mean.
$endgroup$
– user3150201
Jan 6 '14 at 18:31




$begingroup$
Please see my edit, it explains what I mean.
$endgroup$
– user3150201
Jan 6 '14 at 18:31










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















0












$begingroup$

With a straightedge and compass, the lines specified can be constructed as follows:




  • Take the compass, set the size to draw circles slightly larger than half the length of the long side of the rectangle

  • With this fixed size, draw four circles, each one centered on one corner of the rectangle

  • Take the straightedge and line it up with the locations where the circles intersect in four collinear locations

  • Draw the perpendicular bisectors of each side of the rectangle where the straightedge crosses it


See the picture below for more info.



Construct Perpendicular Bisector



The colored circles are centered on each of the four corners of the rectangle; the long sides have closer-together circle intersections so it is possible to see all of them and easy to connect them with a line. For the shorter sides, it may be necessary to construct a second set of four circles that are smaller and have closer-together intersections, depending on the size of the piece of paper you are using.



Alternatively, it is possible to construct these lines using midpoints. If the four corners of the rectangle are $A,B,C,D$ where $exists x_A,y_AinBbb R: A=(x_A,y_A)$, etc., then the midpoints of each side are connectable as perpendicular bisectors as well. Let $M_{XY}$ be the midpoint of side $XY$, then we have coordinates:



$$M_{AB}=(frac {x_A+x_B}2,frac {y_A+y_B}2)\
M_{BC}=(frac {x_B+x_C}2,frac {y_B+y_C}2)\
M_{CD}=(frac {x_C+x_D}2,frac {y_C+y_D}2)\
M_{DA}=(frac {x_D+x_A}2,frac {y_D+y_A}2)$$



It is further possible to create these as lines extending beyond each side, using the generic line formula



$$(E_x-S_x)(y-S_y)=(E_y-S_y)(x-S_x)$$



Where $E,S$ are "starting" and "ending" points of the lines in question.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Sorry if I was unclear. I need to get the angle of the perpendicular line to each edge. How can I do that?
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:00












  • $begingroup$
    It is the same angle as the adjacent side. The line perpendicular to side $AB$ has angle congruent to the side $BC$, and so on.
    $endgroup$
    – abiessu
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:04










  • $begingroup$
    What if I have a line and I know it's angle. If I simply add 90 degrees to it, will I get the angle of it's perpendicular line?
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:07










  • $begingroup$
    That is correct.
    $endgroup$
    – abiessu
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:07










  • $begingroup$
    Okay thanks :) .
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:11



















0












$begingroup$

EDIT1



Geom Constrn



Deleted an earlier computational given solution for this construction: Choose a radius more than half the larger side length of the rectangle and draw four circles centered at each corner of the rectangle with this same radius. Join either the outermost (or innermost) points of circle intersection lying on opposite sides of rectangle as shown by the required purple perpendicular bisectors.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













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    2 Answers
    2






    active

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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    0












    $begingroup$

    With a straightedge and compass, the lines specified can be constructed as follows:




    • Take the compass, set the size to draw circles slightly larger than half the length of the long side of the rectangle

    • With this fixed size, draw four circles, each one centered on one corner of the rectangle

    • Take the straightedge and line it up with the locations where the circles intersect in four collinear locations

    • Draw the perpendicular bisectors of each side of the rectangle where the straightedge crosses it


    See the picture below for more info.



    Construct Perpendicular Bisector



    The colored circles are centered on each of the four corners of the rectangle; the long sides have closer-together circle intersections so it is possible to see all of them and easy to connect them with a line. For the shorter sides, it may be necessary to construct a second set of four circles that are smaller and have closer-together intersections, depending on the size of the piece of paper you are using.



    Alternatively, it is possible to construct these lines using midpoints. If the four corners of the rectangle are $A,B,C,D$ where $exists x_A,y_AinBbb R: A=(x_A,y_A)$, etc., then the midpoints of each side are connectable as perpendicular bisectors as well. Let $M_{XY}$ be the midpoint of side $XY$, then we have coordinates:



    $$M_{AB}=(frac {x_A+x_B}2,frac {y_A+y_B}2)\
    M_{BC}=(frac {x_B+x_C}2,frac {y_B+y_C}2)\
    M_{CD}=(frac {x_C+x_D}2,frac {y_C+y_D}2)\
    M_{DA}=(frac {x_D+x_A}2,frac {y_D+y_A}2)$$



    It is further possible to create these as lines extending beyond each side, using the generic line formula



    $$(E_x-S_x)(y-S_y)=(E_y-S_y)(x-S_x)$$



    Where $E,S$ are "starting" and "ending" points of the lines in question.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$













    • $begingroup$
      Sorry if I was unclear. I need to get the angle of the perpendicular line to each edge. How can I do that?
      $endgroup$
      – user3150201
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:00












    • $begingroup$
      It is the same angle as the adjacent side. The line perpendicular to side $AB$ has angle congruent to the side $BC$, and so on.
      $endgroup$
      – abiessu
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:04










    • $begingroup$
      What if I have a line and I know it's angle. If I simply add 90 degrees to it, will I get the angle of it's perpendicular line?
      $endgroup$
      – user3150201
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:07










    • $begingroup$
      That is correct.
      $endgroup$
      – abiessu
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:07










    • $begingroup$
      Okay thanks :) .
      $endgroup$
      – user3150201
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:11
















    0












    $begingroup$

    With a straightedge and compass, the lines specified can be constructed as follows:




    • Take the compass, set the size to draw circles slightly larger than half the length of the long side of the rectangle

    • With this fixed size, draw four circles, each one centered on one corner of the rectangle

    • Take the straightedge and line it up with the locations where the circles intersect in four collinear locations

    • Draw the perpendicular bisectors of each side of the rectangle where the straightedge crosses it


    See the picture below for more info.



    Construct Perpendicular Bisector



    The colored circles are centered on each of the four corners of the rectangle; the long sides have closer-together circle intersections so it is possible to see all of them and easy to connect them with a line. For the shorter sides, it may be necessary to construct a second set of four circles that are smaller and have closer-together intersections, depending on the size of the piece of paper you are using.



    Alternatively, it is possible to construct these lines using midpoints. If the four corners of the rectangle are $A,B,C,D$ where $exists x_A,y_AinBbb R: A=(x_A,y_A)$, etc., then the midpoints of each side are connectable as perpendicular bisectors as well. Let $M_{XY}$ be the midpoint of side $XY$, then we have coordinates:



    $$M_{AB}=(frac {x_A+x_B}2,frac {y_A+y_B}2)\
    M_{BC}=(frac {x_B+x_C}2,frac {y_B+y_C}2)\
    M_{CD}=(frac {x_C+x_D}2,frac {y_C+y_D}2)\
    M_{DA}=(frac {x_D+x_A}2,frac {y_D+y_A}2)$$



    It is further possible to create these as lines extending beyond each side, using the generic line formula



    $$(E_x-S_x)(y-S_y)=(E_y-S_y)(x-S_x)$$



    Where $E,S$ are "starting" and "ending" points of the lines in question.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$













    • $begingroup$
      Sorry if I was unclear. I need to get the angle of the perpendicular line to each edge. How can I do that?
      $endgroup$
      – user3150201
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:00












    • $begingroup$
      It is the same angle as the adjacent side. The line perpendicular to side $AB$ has angle congruent to the side $BC$, and so on.
      $endgroup$
      – abiessu
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:04










    • $begingroup$
      What if I have a line and I know it's angle. If I simply add 90 degrees to it, will I get the angle of it's perpendicular line?
      $endgroup$
      – user3150201
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:07










    • $begingroup$
      That is correct.
      $endgroup$
      – abiessu
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:07










    • $begingroup$
      Okay thanks :) .
      $endgroup$
      – user3150201
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:11














    0












    0








    0





    $begingroup$

    With a straightedge and compass, the lines specified can be constructed as follows:




    • Take the compass, set the size to draw circles slightly larger than half the length of the long side of the rectangle

    • With this fixed size, draw four circles, each one centered on one corner of the rectangle

    • Take the straightedge and line it up with the locations where the circles intersect in four collinear locations

    • Draw the perpendicular bisectors of each side of the rectangle where the straightedge crosses it


    See the picture below for more info.



    Construct Perpendicular Bisector



    The colored circles are centered on each of the four corners of the rectangle; the long sides have closer-together circle intersections so it is possible to see all of them and easy to connect them with a line. For the shorter sides, it may be necessary to construct a second set of four circles that are smaller and have closer-together intersections, depending on the size of the piece of paper you are using.



    Alternatively, it is possible to construct these lines using midpoints. If the four corners of the rectangle are $A,B,C,D$ where $exists x_A,y_AinBbb R: A=(x_A,y_A)$, etc., then the midpoints of each side are connectable as perpendicular bisectors as well. Let $M_{XY}$ be the midpoint of side $XY$, then we have coordinates:



    $$M_{AB}=(frac {x_A+x_B}2,frac {y_A+y_B}2)\
    M_{BC}=(frac {x_B+x_C}2,frac {y_B+y_C}2)\
    M_{CD}=(frac {x_C+x_D}2,frac {y_C+y_D}2)\
    M_{DA}=(frac {x_D+x_A}2,frac {y_D+y_A}2)$$



    It is further possible to create these as lines extending beyond each side, using the generic line formula



    $$(E_x-S_x)(y-S_y)=(E_y-S_y)(x-S_x)$$



    Where $E,S$ are "starting" and "ending" points of the lines in question.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$



    With a straightedge and compass, the lines specified can be constructed as follows:




    • Take the compass, set the size to draw circles slightly larger than half the length of the long side of the rectangle

    • With this fixed size, draw four circles, each one centered on one corner of the rectangle

    • Take the straightedge and line it up with the locations where the circles intersect in four collinear locations

    • Draw the perpendicular bisectors of each side of the rectangle where the straightedge crosses it


    See the picture below for more info.



    Construct Perpendicular Bisector



    The colored circles are centered on each of the four corners of the rectangle; the long sides have closer-together circle intersections so it is possible to see all of them and easy to connect them with a line. For the shorter sides, it may be necessary to construct a second set of four circles that are smaller and have closer-together intersections, depending on the size of the piece of paper you are using.



    Alternatively, it is possible to construct these lines using midpoints. If the four corners of the rectangle are $A,B,C,D$ where $exists x_A,y_AinBbb R: A=(x_A,y_A)$, etc., then the midpoints of each side are connectable as perpendicular bisectors as well. Let $M_{XY}$ be the midpoint of side $XY$, then we have coordinates:



    $$M_{AB}=(frac {x_A+x_B}2,frac {y_A+y_B}2)\
    M_{BC}=(frac {x_B+x_C}2,frac {y_B+y_C}2)\
    M_{CD}=(frac {x_C+x_D}2,frac {y_C+y_D}2)\
    M_{DA}=(frac {x_D+x_A}2,frac {y_D+y_A}2)$$



    It is further possible to create these as lines extending beyond each side, using the generic line formula



    $$(E_x-S_x)(y-S_y)=(E_y-S_y)(x-S_x)$$



    Where $E,S$ are "starting" and "ending" points of the lines in question.







    share|cite|improve this answer














    share|cite|improve this answer



    share|cite|improve this answer








    edited Jan 6 '14 at 19:02

























    answered Jan 6 '14 at 18:52









    abiessuabiessu

    6,74221541




    6,74221541












    • $begingroup$
      Sorry if I was unclear. I need to get the angle of the perpendicular line to each edge. How can I do that?
      $endgroup$
      – user3150201
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:00












    • $begingroup$
      It is the same angle as the adjacent side. The line perpendicular to side $AB$ has angle congruent to the side $BC$, and so on.
      $endgroup$
      – abiessu
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:04










    • $begingroup$
      What if I have a line and I know it's angle. If I simply add 90 degrees to it, will I get the angle of it's perpendicular line?
      $endgroup$
      – user3150201
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:07










    • $begingroup$
      That is correct.
      $endgroup$
      – abiessu
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:07










    • $begingroup$
      Okay thanks :) .
      $endgroup$
      – user3150201
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:11


















    • $begingroup$
      Sorry if I was unclear. I need to get the angle of the perpendicular line to each edge. How can I do that?
      $endgroup$
      – user3150201
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:00












    • $begingroup$
      It is the same angle as the adjacent side. The line perpendicular to side $AB$ has angle congruent to the side $BC$, and so on.
      $endgroup$
      – abiessu
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:04










    • $begingroup$
      What if I have a line and I know it's angle. If I simply add 90 degrees to it, will I get the angle of it's perpendicular line?
      $endgroup$
      – user3150201
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:07










    • $begingroup$
      That is correct.
      $endgroup$
      – abiessu
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:07










    • $begingroup$
      Okay thanks :) .
      $endgroup$
      – user3150201
      Jan 6 '14 at 19:11
















    $begingroup$
    Sorry if I was unclear. I need to get the angle of the perpendicular line to each edge. How can I do that?
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:00






    $begingroup$
    Sorry if I was unclear. I need to get the angle of the perpendicular line to each edge. How can I do that?
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:00














    $begingroup$
    It is the same angle as the adjacent side. The line perpendicular to side $AB$ has angle congruent to the side $BC$, and so on.
    $endgroup$
    – abiessu
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:04




    $begingroup$
    It is the same angle as the adjacent side. The line perpendicular to side $AB$ has angle congruent to the side $BC$, and so on.
    $endgroup$
    – abiessu
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:04












    $begingroup$
    What if I have a line and I know it's angle. If I simply add 90 degrees to it, will I get the angle of it's perpendicular line?
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:07




    $begingroup$
    What if I have a line and I know it's angle. If I simply add 90 degrees to it, will I get the angle of it's perpendicular line?
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:07












    $begingroup$
    That is correct.
    $endgroup$
    – abiessu
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:07




    $begingroup$
    That is correct.
    $endgroup$
    – abiessu
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:07












    $begingroup$
    Okay thanks :) .
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:11




    $begingroup$
    Okay thanks :) .
    $endgroup$
    – user3150201
    Jan 6 '14 at 19:11











    0












    $begingroup$

    EDIT1



    Geom Constrn



    Deleted an earlier computational given solution for this construction: Choose a radius more than half the larger side length of the rectangle and draw four circles centered at each corner of the rectangle with this same radius. Join either the outermost (or innermost) points of circle intersection lying on opposite sides of rectangle as shown by the required purple perpendicular bisectors.






    share|cite|improve this answer











    $endgroup$


















      0












      $begingroup$

      EDIT1



      Geom Constrn



      Deleted an earlier computational given solution for this construction: Choose a radius more than half the larger side length of the rectangle and draw four circles centered at each corner of the rectangle with this same radius. Join either the outermost (or innermost) points of circle intersection lying on opposite sides of rectangle as shown by the required purple perpendicular bisectors.






      share|cite|improve this answer











      $endgroup$
















        0












        0








        0





        $begingroup$

        EDIT1



        Geom Constrn



        Deleted an earlier computational given solution for this construction: Choose a radius more than half the larger side length of the rectangle and draw four circles centered at each corner of the rectangle with this same radius. Join either the outermost (or innermost) points of circle intersection lying on opposite sides of rectangle as shown by the required purple perpendicular bisectors.






        share|cite|improve this answer











        $endgroup$



        EDIT1



        Geom Constrn



        Deleted an earlier computational given solution for this construction: Choose a radius more than half the larger side length of the rectangle and draw four circles centered at each corner of the rectangle with this same radius. Join either the outermost (or innermost) points of circle intersection lying on opposite sides of rectangle as shown by the required purple perpendicular bisectors.







        share|cite|improve this answer














        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer








        edited Jan 30 '17 at 18:33

























        answered Sep 7 '16 at 10:59









        NarasimhamNarasimham

        21k62158




        21k62158






























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