Python: Create a “Table Of Contents” with python-docx/lxml

I'm trying to automate the creation of .docx files (WordML) with the help of python-docx (https://github.com/mikemaccana/python-docx). My current script creates the ToC manually with following loop:

for chapter in myChapters:

    body.append(paragraph(chapter.text, style='ListNumber'))

Does anyone know of a way to use the "word built-in" ToC-function, which adds the index automatically and also creates paragraph-links to the individual chapters?

Thanks a lot!

asked Sep 3 '13 at 15:17

Joseph jun. Melettukunnel

2,884135485

add a comment |

I'm trying to automate the creation of .docx files (WordML) with the help of python-docx (https://github.com/mikemaccana/python-docx). My current script creates the ToC manually with following loop:

for chapter in myChapters:

    body.append(paragraph(chapter.text, style='ListNumber'))

Does anyone know of a way to use the "word built-in" ToC-function, which adds the index automatically and also creates paragraph-links to the individual chapters?

Thanks a lot!

asked Sep 3 '13 at 15:17

Joseph jun. Melettukunnel

2,884135485

add a comment |

I'm trying to automate the creation of .docx files (WordML) with the help of python-docx (https://github.com/mikemaccana/python-docx). My current script creates the ToC manually with following loop:

for chapter in myChapters:

    body.append(paragraph(chapter.text, style='ListNumber'))

Does anyone know of a way to use the "word built-in" ToC-function, which adds the index automatically and also creates paragraph-links to the individual chapters?

Thanks a lot!

asked Sep 3 '13 at 15:17

Joseph jun. Melettukunnel

2,884135485

I'm trying to automate the creation of .docx files (WordML) with the help of python-docx (https://github.com/mikemaccana/python-docx). My current script creates the ToC manually with following loop:

for chapter in myChapters:

    body.append(paragraph(chapter.text, style='ListNumber'))

Does anyone know of a way to use the "word built-in" ToC-function, which adds the index automatically and also creates paragraph-links to the individual chapters?

Thanks a lot!

python docx wordml python-docx

asked Sep 3 '13 at 15:17

Joseph jun. Melettukunnel

2,884135485

asked Sep 3 '13 at 15:17

Joseph jun. Melettukunnel

2,884135485

asked Sep 3 '13 at 15:17

Joseph jun. Melettukunnel

2,884135485

asked Sep 3 '13 at 15:17

Joseph jun. Melettukunnel

2,884135485

asked Sep 3 '13 at 15:17

Joseph jun. Melettukunnel

2,884135485

add a comment |

3 Answers
3

active

oldest

votes

The key challenge is that a rendered ToC depends on pagination to know what page number to put for each heading. Pagination is a function provided by the layout engine, a very complex piece of software built into the Word client. Writing a page layout engine in Python is probably not a good idea, definitely not a project I'm planning to undertake anytime soon :)

The ToC is composed of two parts:

the element that specifies the ToC placement and things like which heading levels to include.

the actual visible ToC content, headings and page numbers with dotted lines connecting them.

Creating the element is pretty straightforward and relatively low-effort. Creating the actual visible content, at least if you want the page numbers included, requires the Word layout engine.

These are the options:

Just add the tag and a few other bits to signal Word the ToC needs to be updated. When the document is first opened, a dialog box appears saying links need to be refreshed. The user clicks Yes and Bob's your uncle. If the user clicks No, the ToC title appears with no content below it and the ToC can be updated manually.

Add the tag and then engage a Word client, by means of C# or Visual Basic against the Word Automation library, to open and save the file; all the fields (including the ToC field) get updated.

Do the same thing server-side if you have a SharePoint instance or whatever that can do it with Word Automation Services.

Create an AutoOpen macro in the document that automatically runs the field update when the document is opened. Probably won't pass a lot of virus checkers and won't work on locked-down Windows builds common in a corporate setting.

Here's a very nice set of screencasts by Eric White that explain all the hairy details

edited May 20 '16 at 13:58

Mad Physicist

38.5k1679112

answered Sep 3 '13 at 23:27

scanny

10.6k12245

1

Hi scanny, thanks again for the very detailed answer! Cheers

– Joseph jun. Melettukunnel
Sep 5 '13 at 8:00

add a comment |

Sorry for adding comments to an old post, but I think it may be helpful.
This is not my solution, but it has been found there: https://github.com/python-openxml/python-docx/issues/36
Thanks to https://github.com/mustash and https://github.com/scanny

    from docx.oxml.ns import qn

    from docx.oxml import OxmlElement



    paragraph = self.document.add_paragraph()

    run = paragraph.add_run()

    fldChar = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')  # creates a new element

    fldChar.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'begin')  # sets attribute on element

    instrText = OxmlElement('w:instrText')

    instrText.set(qn('xml:space'), 'preserve')  # sets attribute on element

    instrText.text = 'TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u'   # change 1-3 depending on heading levels you need



    fldChar2 = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')

    fldChar2.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'separate')

    fldChar3 = OxmlElement('w:t')

    fldChar3.text = "Right-click to update field."

    fldChar2.append(fldChar3)



    fldChar4 = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')

    fldChar4.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'end')



    r_element = run._r

    r_element.append(fldChar)

    r_element.append(instrText)

    r_element.append(fldChar2)

    r_element.append(fldChar4)

    p_element = paragraph._p

edited Jan 3 at 1:09

answered Feb 5 '18 at 12:09

Kostiantyn Medvid

46047

this works for me, thanks.

– patrick
May 15 '18 at 13:32

instrText.text = 'TOC o "1-3" h z u' # change 1-3 depending on heading levels you need ^ SyntaxError: (unicode error) 'unicodeescape' codec can't decode bytes in position 19-20: truncated uXXXX escape

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:50

1

Aha! See this page, where @Sup3rGeo says "I also had to escape \o \h \z \u for it to work without errors", after which it works for me. I suggest that you update your otherwise excellent answer. Now, if only there were some way to programmatically update the table of contents ;-)

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:56

1

@Mawg Thank you for the suggestion. Will update the comment.

– Kostiantyn Medvid
Jan 3 at 1:07

Great (+1) ! That will certainly help others in future (it certainly helped me, once I figured out the double escaping). Now, if only there were some way to programmatically update the table of contents ;-)

– Mawg
Jan 3 at 7:08

add a comment |

@Mawg // Updating ToC

Had the same issue to update the ToC and googled for it. Not my code, but it works:

word = win32com.client.DispatchEx("Word.Application")

doc = word.Documents.Open(input_file_name)

doc.TablesOfContents(1).Update()

doc.Close(SaveChanges=True)

word.Quit()

answered Mar 14 at 11:34

sliceoflive

add a comment |

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3 Answers
3

active

oldest

votes

3 Answers
3

active

oldest

votes

The ToC is composed of two parts:

the element that specifies the ToC placement and things like which heading levels to include.

the actual visible ToC content, headings and page numbers with dotted lines connecting them.

Creating the element is pretty straightforward and relatively low-effort. Creating the actual visible content, at least if you want the page numbers included, requires the Word layout engine.

These are the options:

Just add the tag and a few other bits to signal Word the ToC needs to be updated. When the document is first opened, a dialog box appears saying links need to be refreshed. The user clicks Yes and Bob's your uncle. If the user clicks No, the ToC title appears with no content below it and the ToC can be updated manually.

Add the tag and then engage a Word client, by means of C# or Visual Basic against the Word Automation library, to open and save the file; all the fields (including the ToC field) get updated.

Do the same thing server-side if you have a SharePoint instance or whatever that can do it with Word Automation Services.

Create an AutoOpen macro in the document that automatically runs the field update when the document is opened. Probably won't pass a lot of virus checkers and won't work on locked-down Windows builds common in a corporate setting.

Here's a very nice set of screencasts by Eric White that explain all the hairy details

edited May 20 '16 at 13:58

Mad Physicist

38.5k1679112

answered Sep 3 '13 at 23:27

scanny

10.6k12245

1

Hi scanny, thanks again for the very detailed answer! Cheers

– Joseph jun. Melettukunnel
Sep 5 '13 at 8:00

add a comment |

The ToC is composed of two parts:

the element that specifies the ToC placement and things like which heading levels to include.

the actual visible ToC content, headings and page numbers with dotted lines connecting them.

Creating the element is pretty straightforward and relatively low-effort. Creating the actual visible content, at least if you want the page numbers included, requires the Word layout engine.

These are the options:

Just add the tag and a few other bits to signal Word the ToC needs to be updated. When the document is first opened, a dialog box appears saying links need to be refreshed. The user clicks Yes and Bob's your uncle. If the user clicks No, the ToC title appears with no content below it and the ToC can be updated manually.

Add the tag and then engage a Word client, by means of C# or Visual Basic against the Word Automation library, to open and save the file; all the fields (including the ToC field) get updated.

Do the same thing server-side if you have a SharePoint instance or whatever that can do it with Word Automation Services.

Create an AutoOpen macro in the document that automatically runs the field update when the document is opened. Probably won't pass a lot of virus checkers and won't work on locked-down Windows builds common in a corporate setting.

Here's a very nice set of screencasts by Eric White that explain all the hairy details

edited May 20 '16 at 13:58

Mad Physicist

38.5k1679112

answered Sep 3 '13 at 23:27

scanny

10.6k12245

1

Hi scanny, thanks again for the very detailed answer! Cheers

– Joseph jun. Melettukunnel
Sep 5 '13 at 8:00

add a comment |

The ToC is composed of two parts:

the element that specifies the ToC placement and things like which heading levels to include.

the actual visible ToC content, headings and page numbers with dotted lines connecting them.

Creating the element is pretty straightforward and relatively low-effort. Creating the actual visible content, at least if you want the page numbers included, requires the Word layout engine.

These are the options:

Just add the tag and a few other bits to signal Word the ToC needs to be updated. When the document is first opened, a dialog box appears saying links need to be refreshed. The user clicks Yes and Bob's your uncle. If the user clicks No, the ToC title appears with no content below it and the ToC can be updated manually.

Add the tag and then engage a Word client, by means of C# or Visual Basic against the Word Automation library, to open and save the file; all the fields (including the ToC field) get updated.

Do the same thing server-side if you have a SharePoint instance or whatever that can do it with Word Automation Services.

Create an AutoOpen macro in the document that automatically runs the field update when the document is opened. Probably won't pass a lot of virus checkers and won't work on locked-down Windows builds common in a corporate setting.

Here's a very nice set of screencasts by Eric White that explain all the hairy details

edited May 20 '16 at 13:58

Mad Physicist

38.5k1679112

answered Sep 3 '13 at 23:27

scanny

10.6k12245

The ToC is composed of two parts:

the element that specifies the ToC placement and things like which heading levels to include.

the actual visible ToC content, headings and page numbers with dotted lines connecting them.

Creating the element is pretty straightforward and relatively low-effort. Creating the actual visible content, at least if you want the page numbers included, requires the Word layout engine.

These are the options:

Just add the tag and a few other bits to signal Word the ToC needs to be updated. When the document is first opened, a dialog box appears saying links need to be refreshed. The user clicks Yes and Bob's your uncle. If the user clicks No, the ToC title appears with no content below it and the ToC can be updated manually.

Add the tag and then engage a Word client, by means of C# or Visual Basic against the Word Automation library, to open and save the file; all the fields (including the ToC field) get updated.

Do the same thing server-side if you have a SharePoint instance or whatever that can do it with Word Automation Services.

Create an AutoOpen macro in the document that automatically runs the field update when the document is opened. Probably won't pass a lot of virus checkers and won't work on locked-down Windows builds common in a corporate setting.

Here's a very nice set of screencasts by Eric White that explain all the hairy details

edited May 20 '16 at 13:58

Mad Physicist

38.5k1679112

answered Sep 3 '13 at 23:27

scanny

10.6k12245

edited May 20 '16 at 13:58

Mad Physicist

38.5k1679112

edited May 20 '16 at 13:58

Mad Physicist

38.5k1679112

edited May 20 '16 at 13:58

Mad Physicist

38.5k1679112

answered Sep 3 '13 at 23:27

scanny

10.6k12245

answered Sep 3 '13 at 23:27

scanny

10.6k12245

answered Sep 3 '13 at 23:27

scanny

10.6k12245

1

Hi scanny, thanks again for the very detailed answer! Cheers

– Joseph jun. Melettukunnel
Sep 5 '13 at 8:00

add a comment |

1

Hi scanny, thanks again for the very detailed answer! Cheers

– Joseph jun. Melettukunnel
Sep 5 '13 at 8:00

Hi scanny, thanks again for the very detailed answer! Cheers

– Joseph jun. Melettukunnel
Sep 5 '13 at 8:00

add a comment |

    from docx.oxml.ns import qn

    from docx.oxml import OxmlElement



    paragraph = self.document.add_paragraph()

    run = paragraph.add_run()

    fldChar = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')  # creates a new element

    fldChar.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'begin')  # sets attribute on element

    instrText = OxmlElement('w:instrText')

    instrText.set(qn('xml:space'), 'preserve')  # sets attribute on element

    instrText.text = 'TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u'   # change 1-3 depending on heading levels you need



    fldChar2 = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')

    fldChar2.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'separate')

    fldChar3 = OxmlElement('w:t')

    fldChar3.text = "Right-click to update field."

    fldChar2.append(fldChar3)



    fldChar4 = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')

    fldChar4.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'end')



    r_element = run._r

    r_element.append(fldChar)

    r_element.append(instrText)

    r_element.append(fldChar2)

    r_element.append(fldChar4)

    p_element = paragraph._p

edited Jan 3 at 1:09

answered Feb 5 '18 at 12:09

Kostiantyn Medvid

46047

this works for me, thanks.

– patrick
May 15 '18 at 13:32

instrText.text = 'TOC o "1-3" h z u' # change 1-3 depending on heading levels you need ^ SyntaxError: (unicode error) 'unicodeescape' codec can't decode bytes in position 19-20: truncated uXXXX escape

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:50

1

Aha! See this page, where @Sup3rGeo says "I also had to escape \o \h \z \u for it to work without errors", after which it works for me. I suggest that you update your otherwise excellent answer. Now, if only there were some way to programmatically update the table of contents ;-)

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:56

1

@Mawg Thank you for the suggestion. Will update the comment.

– Kostiantyn Medvid
Jan 3 at 1:07

Great (+1) ! That will certainly help others in future (it certainly helped me, once I figured out the double escaping). Now, if only there were some way to programmatically update the table of contents ;-)

– Mawg
Jan 3 at 7:08

add a comment |

    from docx.oxml.ns import qn

    from docx.oxml import OxmlElement



    paragraph = self.document.add_paragraph()

    run = paragraph.add_run()

    fldChar = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')  # creates a new element

    fldChar.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'begin')  # sets attribute on element

    instrText = OxmlElement('w:instrText')

    instrText.set(qn('xml:space'), 'preserve')  # sets attribute on element

    instrText.text = 'TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u'   # change 1-3 depending on heading levels you need



    fldChar2 = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')

    fldChar2.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'separate')

    fldChar3 = OxmlElement('w:t')

    fldChar3.text = "Right-click to update field."

    fldChar2.append(fldChar3)



    fldChar4 = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')

    fldChar4.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'end')



    r_element = run._r

    r_element.append(fldChar)

    r_element.append(instrText)

    r_element.append(fldChar2)

    r_element.append(fldChar4)

    p_element = paragraph._p

edited Jan 3 at 1:09

answered Feb 5 '18 at 12:09

Kostiantyn Medvid

46047

this works for me, thanks.

– patrick
May 15 '18 at 13:32

instrText.text = 'TOC o "1-3" h z u' # change 1-3 depending on heading levels you need ^ SyntaxError: (unicode error) 'unicodeescape' codec can't decode bytes in position 19-20: truncated uXXXX escape

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:50

1

Aha! See this page, where @Sup3rGeo says "I also had to escape \o \h \z \u for it to work without errors", after which it works for me. I suggest that you update your otherwise excellent answer. Now, if only there were some way to programmatically update the table of contents ;-)

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:56

1

@Mawg Thank you for the suggestion. Will update the comment.

– Kostiantyn Medvid
Jan 3 at 1:07

Great (+1) ! That will certainly help others in future (it certainly helped me, once I figured out the double escaping). Now, if only there were some way to programmatically update the table of contents ;-)

– Mawg
Jan 3 at 7:08

add a comment |

    from docx.oxml.ns import qn

    from docx.oxml import OxmlElement



    paragraph = self.document.add_paragraph()

    run = paragraph.add_run()

    fldChar = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')  # creates a new element

    fldChar.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'begin')  # sets attribute on element

    instrText = OxmlElement('w:instrText')

    instrText.set(qn('xml:space'), 'preserve')  # sets attribute on element

    instrText.text = 'TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u'   # change 1-3 depending on heading levels you need



    fldChar2 = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')

    fldChar2.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'separate')

    fldChar3 = OxmlElement('w:t')

    fldChar3.text = "Right-click to update field."

    fldChar2.append(fldChar3)



    fldChar4 = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')

    fldChar4.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'end')



    r_element = run._r

    r_element.append(fldChar)

    r_element.append(instrText)

    r_element.append(fldChar2)

    r_element.append(fldChar4)

    p_element = paragraph._p

edited Jan 3 at 1:09

answered Feb 5 '18 at 12:09

Kostiantyn Medvid

46047

    from docx.oxml.ns import qn

    from docx.oxml import OxmlElement



    paragraph = self.document.add_paragraph()

    run = paragraph.add_run()

    fldChar = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')  # creates a new element

    fldChar.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'begin')  # sets attribute on element

    instrText = OxmlElement('w:instrText')

    instrText.set(qn('xml:space'), 'preserve')  # sets attribute on element

    instrText.text = 'TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u'   # change 1-3 depending on heading levels you need



    fldChar2 = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')

    fldChar2.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'separate')

    fldChar3 = OxmlElement('w:t')

    fldChar3.text = "Right-click to update field."

    fldChar2.append(fldChar3)



    fldChar4 = OxmlElement('w:fldChar')

    fldChar4.set(qn('w:fldCharType'), 'end')



    r_element = run._r

    r_element.append(fldChar)

    r_element.append(instrText)

    r_element.append(fldChar2)

    r_element.append(fldChar4)

    p_element = paragraph._p

edited Jan 3 at 1:09

answered Feb 5 '18 at 12:09

Kostiantyn Medvid

46047

edited Jan 3 at 1:09

answered Feb 5 '18 at 12:09

Kostiantyn Medvid

46047

answered Feb 5 '18 at 12:09

Kostiantyn Medvid

46047

answered Feb 5 '18 at 12:09

Kostiantyn Medvid

46047

this works for me, thanks.

– patrick
May 15 '18 at 13:32

instrText.text = 'TOC o "1-3" h z u' # change 1-3 depending on heading levels you need ^ SyntaxError: (unicode error) 'unicodeescape' codec can't decode bytes in position 19-20: truncated uXXXX escape

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:50

1

Aha! See this page, where @Sup3rGeo says "I also had to escape \o \h \z \u for it to work without errors", after which it works for me. I suggest that you update your otherwise excellent answer. Now, if only there were some way to programmatically update the table of contents ;-)

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:56

1

@Mawg Thank you for the suggestion. Will update the comment.

– Kostiantyn Medvid
Jan 3 at 1:07

Great (+1) ! That will certainly help others in future (it certainly helped me, once I figured out the double escaping). Now, if only there were some way to programmatically update the table of contents ;-)

– Mawg
Jan 3 at 7:08

add a comment |

this works for me, thanks.

– patrick
May 15 '18 at 13:32

instrText.text = 'TOC o "1-3" h z u' # change 1-3 depending on heading levels you need ^ SyntaxError: (unicode error) 'unicodeescape' codec can't decode bytes in position 19-20: truncated uXXXX escape

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:50

1

Aha! See this page, where @Sup3rGeo says "I also had to escape \o \h \z \u for it to work without errors", after which it works for me. I suggest that you update your otherwise excellent answer. Now, if only there were some way to programmatically update the table of contents ;-)

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:56

1

@Mawg Thank you for the suggestion. Will update the comment.

– Kostiantyn Medvid
Jan 3 at 1:07

Great (+1) ! That will certainly help others in future (it certainly helped me, once I figured out the double escaping). Now, if only there were some way to programmatically update the table of contents ;-)

– Mawg
Jan 3 at 7:08

this works for me, thanks.

– patrick
May 15 '18 at 13:32

instrText.text = 'TOC o "1-3" h z u'  # change 1-3 depending on heading levels you need                     ^ SyntaxError: (unicode error) 'unicodeescape' codec can't decode bytes in position 19-20: truncated uXXXX escape

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:50

instrText.text = 'TOC o "1-3" h z u'  # change 1-3 depending on heading levels you need                     ^ SyntaxError: (unicode error) 'unicodeescape' codec can't decode bytes in position 19-20: truncated uXXXX escape

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:50

Aha! See this page, where @Sup3rGeo says "I also had to escape \o \h \z \u for it to work without errors", after which it works for me. I suggest that you update your otherwise excellent answer. Now, if only there were some way to programmatically update the table of contents ;-)

– Mawg
Dec 20 '18 at 13:56

@Mawg Thank you for the suggestion. Will update the comment.

– Kostiantyn Medvid
Jan 3 at 1:07

Great (+1) ! That will certainly help others in future (it certainly helped me, once I figured out the double escaping). Now, if only there were some way to programmatically update the table of contents ;-)

– Mawg
Jan 3 at 7:08

add a comment |

@Mawg // Updating ToC

Had the same issue to update the ToC and googled for it. Not my code, but it works:

word = win32com.client.DispatchEx("Word.Application")

doc = word.Documents.Open(input_file_name)

doc.TablesOfContents(1).Update()

doc.Close(SaveChanges=True)

word.Quit()

answered Mar 14 at 11:34

sliceoflive

add a comment |

@Mawg // Updating ToC

Had the same issue to update the ToC and googled for it. Not my code, but it works:

word = win32com.client.DispatchEx("Word.Application")

doc = word.Documents.Open(input_file_name)

doc.TablesOfContents(1).Update()

doc.Close(SaveChanges=True)

word.Quit()

answered Mar 14 at 11:34

sliceoflive

add a comment |

@Mawg // Updating ToC

Had the same issue to update the ToC and googled for it. Not my code, but it works:

word = win32com.client.DispatchEx("Word.Application")

doc = word.Documents.Open(input_file_name)

doc.TablesOfContents(1).Update()

doc.Close(SaveChanges=True)

word.Quit()

answered Mar 14 at 11:34

sliceoflive

@Mawg // Updating ToC

Had the same issue to update the ToC and googled for it. Not my code, but it works:

word = win32com.client.DispatchEx("Word.Application")

doc = word.Documents.Open(input_file_name)

doc.TablesOfContents(1).Update()

doc.Close(SaveChanges=True)

word.Quit()

answered Mar 14 at 11:34

sliceoflive

answered Mar 14 at 11:34

sliceoflive

answered Mar 14 at 11:34

sliceoflive

answered Mar 14 at 11:34

sliceoflive

add a comment |

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