Question about the fundamental theorem of field theory












1












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enter image description here



In this proof, I understand the logic that E contains a copy of F and so we are considering E as an extension of F . But, why should we? Why is E considered as an extension of F even though F is not actually a subfield of E ? .










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$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Because in abstract algebra, we often (read almost always) classify things only up to isomorphism. There are many reasons for this, but perhaps the most simple is that we only really care about understanding the structure rather than the specific realisation of this structure. You might have read the statement that there is a unique finite field of each prime power order, but this is a statement only up to isomorphism. Thus we say that one field is an extension of another, whenever there is an injection from one into the other.
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 1 at 10:05










  • $begingroup$
    You might have seen before that the Algebraic construction of the complex numbers is given by $mathbb{R}[X]/(x^{2} + 1)$. So technically speaking in this construction, every element of $mathbb{C}$ is a representative for an equivalence class in $mathbb{R}[X]$. Thus you could say that set theoretically, in this construction, $mathbb{C}$ does not literally contain $mathbb{R}$ as a subfield, but there is an obvious injection from $mathbb{R}$ into $mathbb{C}$. Thus $mathbb{R}$ is a subfield of $mathbb{C}$ in the only way it really matters.
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 1 at 10:09










  • $begingroup$
    Ah, I got it, thank you !
    $endgroup$
    – Ganeshbabu
    Feb 1 at 23:25










  • $begingroup$
    you might wanna accept an answer, or at least upvote the answers you found useful. If only to take the question out of the unresolved pile. If you don’t think the question is resolved and still have queries feel free to ask and I might try and write out a longer answer?
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 2 at 10:28










  • $begingroup$
    No, i think your answer is great and enough . And I tried to upvote your answer, but, apparently i cannot . It says "You cannot vote for this comment" .
    $endgroup$
    – Ganeshbabu
    Feb 2 at 12:54
















1












$begingroup$


enter image description here



In this proof, I understand the logic that E contains a copy of F and so we are considering E as an extension of F . But, why should we? Why is E considered as an extension of F even though F is not actually a subfield of E ? .










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Because in abstract algebra, we often (read almost always) classify things only up to isomorphism. There are many reasons for this, but perhaps the most simple is that we only really care about understanding the structure rather than the specific realisation of this structure. You might have read the statement that there is a unique finite field of each prime power order, but this is a statement only up to isomorphism. Thus we say that one field is an extension of another, whenever there is an injection from one into the other.
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 1 at 10:05










  • $begingroup$
    You might have seen before that the Algebraic construction of the complex numbers is given by $mathbb{R}[X]/(x^{2} + 1)$. So technically speaking in this construction, every element of $mathbb{C}$ is a representative for an equivalence class in $mathbb{R}[X]$. Thus you could say that set theoretically, in this construction, $mathbb{C}$ does not literally contain $mathbb{R}$ as a subfield, but there is an obvious injection from $mathbb{R}$ into $mathbb{C}$. Thus $mathbb{R}$ is a subfield of $mathbb{C}$ in the only way it really matters.
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 1 at 10:09










  • $begingroup$
    Ah, I got it, thank you !
    $endgroup$
    – Ganeshbabu
    Feb 1 at 23:25










  • $begingroup$
    you might wanna accept an answer, or at least upvote the answers you found useful. If only to take the question out of the unresolved pile. If you don’t think the question is resolved and still have queries feel free to ask and I might try and write out a longer answer?
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 2 at 10:28










  • $begingroup$
    No, i think your answer is great and enough . And I tried to upvote your answer, but, apparently i cannot . It says "You cannot vote for this comment" .
    $endgroup$
    – Ganeshbabu
    Feb 2 at 12:54














1












1








1





$begingroup$


enter image description here



In this proof, I understand the logic that E contains a copy of F and so we are considering E as an extension of F . But, why should we? Why is E considered as an extension of F even though F is not actually a subfield of E ? .










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




enter image description here



In this proof, I understand the logic that E contains a copy of F and so we are considering E as an extension of F . But, why should we? Why is E considered as an extension of F even though F is not actually a subfield of E ? .







field-theory






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share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Feb 1 at 8:38









José Carlos Santos

173k23133242




173k23133242










asked Feb 1 at 8:26









GaneshbabuGaneshbabu

82




82












  • $begingroup$
    Because in abstract algebra, we often (read almost always) classify things only up to isomorphism. There are many reasons for this, but perhaps the most simple is that we only really care about understanding the structure rather than the specific realisation of this structure. You might have read the statement that there is a unique finite field of each prime power order, but this is a statement only up to isomorphism. Thus we say that one field is an extension of another, whenever there is an injection from one into the other.
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 1 at 10:05










  • $begingroup$
    You might have seen before that the Algebraic construction of the complex numbers is given by $mathbb{R}[X]/(x^{2} + 1)$. So technically speaking in this construction, every element of $mathbb{C}$ is a representative for an equivalence class in $mathbb{R}[X]$. Thus you could say that set theoretically, in this construction, $mathbb{C}$ does not literally contain $mathbb{R}$ as a subfield, but there is an obvious injection from $mathbb{R}$ into $mathbb{C}$. Thus $mathbb{R}$ is a subfield of $mathbb{C}$ in the only way it really matters.
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 1 at 10:09










  • $begingroup$
    Ah, I got it, thank you !
    $endgroup$
    – Ganeshbabu
    Feb 1 at 23:25










  • $begingroup$
    you might wanna accept an answer, or at least upvote the answers you found useful. If only to take the question out of the unresolved pile. If you don’t think the question is resolved and still have queries feel free to ask and I might try and write out a longer answer?
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 2 at 10:28










  • $begingroup$
    No, i think your answer is great and enough . And I tried to upvote your answer, but, apparently i cannot . It says "You cannot vote for this comment" .
    $endgroup$
    – Ganeshbabu
    Feb 2 at 12:54


















  • $begingroup$
    Because in abstract algebra, we often (read almost always) classify things only up to isomorphism. There are many reasons for this, but perhaps the most simple is that we only really care about understanding the structure rather than the specific realisation of this structure. You might have read the statement that there is a unique finite field of each prime power order, but this is a statement only up to isomorphism. Thus we say that one field is an extension of another, whenever there is an injection from one into the other.
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 1 at 10:05










  • $begingroup$
    You might have seen before that the Algebraic construction of the complex numbers is given by $mathbb{R}[X]/(x^{2} + 1)$. So technically speaking in this construction, every element of $mathbb{C}$ is a representative for an equivalence class in $mathbb{R}[X]$. Thus you could say that set theoretically, in this construction, $mathbb{C}$ does not literally contain $mathbb{R}$ as a subfield, but there is an obvious injection from $mathbb{R}$ into $mathbb{C}$. Thus $mathbb{R}$ is a subfield of $mathbb{C}$ in the only way it really matters.
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 1 at 10:09










  • $begingroup$
    Ah, I got it, thank you !
    $endgroup$
    – Ganeshbabu
    Feb 1 at 23:25










  • $begingroup$
    you might wanna accept an answer, or at least upvote the answers you found useful. If only to take the question out of the unresolved pile. If you don’t think the question is resolved and still have queries feel free to ask and I might try and write out a longer answer?
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 2 at 10:28










  • $begingroup$
    No, i think your answer is great and enough . And I tried to upvote your answer, but, apparently i cannot . It says "You cannot vote for this comment" .
    $endgroup$
    – Ganeshbabu
    Feb 2 at 12:54
















$begingroup$
Because in abstract algebra, we often (read almost always) classify things only up to isomorphism. There are many reasons for this, but perhaps the most simple is that we only really care about understanding the structure rather than the specific realisation of this structure. You might have read the statement that there is a unique finite field of each prime power order, but this is a statement only up to isomorphism. Thus we say that one field is an extension of another, whenever there is an injection from one into the other.
$endgroup$
– Adam Higgins
Feb 1 at 10:05




$begingroup$
Because in abstract algebra, we often (read almost always) classify things only up to isomorphism. There are many reasons for this, but perhaps the most simple is that we only really care about understanding the structure rather than the specific realisation of this structure. You might have read the statement that there is a unique finite field of each prime power order, but this is a statement only up to isomorphism. Thus we say that one field is an extension of another, whenever there is an injection from one into the other.
$endgroup$
– Adam Higgins
Feb 1 at 10:05












$begingroup$
You might have seen before that the Algebraic construction of the complex numbers is given by $mathbb{R}[X]/(x^{2} + 1)$. So technically speaking in this construction, every element of $mathbb{C}$ is a representative for an equivalence class in $mathbb{R}[X]$. Thus you could say that set theoretically, in this construction, $mathbb{C}$ does not literally contain $mathbb{R}$ as a subfield, but there is an obvious injection from $mathbb{R}$ into $mathbb{C}$. Thus $mathbb{R}$ is a subfield of $mathbb{C}$ in the only way it really matters.
$endgroup$
– Adam Higgins
Feb 1 at 10:09




$begingroup$
You might have seen before that the Algebraic construction of the complex numbers is given by $mathbb{R}[X]/(x^{2} + 1)$. So technically speaking in this construction, every element of $mathbb{C}$ is a representative for an equivalence class in $mathbb{R}[X]$. Thus you could say that set theoretically, in this construction, $mathbb{C}$ does not literally contain $mathbb{R}$ as a subfield, but there is an obvious injection from $mathbb{R}$ into $mathbb{C}$. Thus $mathbb{R}$ is a subfield of $mathbb{C}$ in the only way it really matters.
$endgroup$
– Adam Higgins
Feb 1 at 10:09












$begingroup$
Ah, I got it, thank you !
$endgroup$
– Ganeshbabu
Feb 1 at 23:25




$begingroup$
Ah, I got it, thank you !
$endgroup$
– Ganeshbabu
Feb 1 at 23:25












$begingroup$
you might wanna accept an answer, or at least upvote the answers you found useful. If only to take the question out of the unresolved pile. If you don’t think the question is resolved and still have queries feel free to ask and I might try and write out a longer answer?
$endgroup$
– Adam Higgins
Feb 2 at 10:28




$begingroup$
you might wanna accept an answer, or at least upvote the answers you found useful. If only to take the question out of the unresolved pile. If you don’t think the question is resolved and still have queries feel free to ask and I might try and write out a longer answer?
$endgroup$
– Adam Higgins
Feb 2 at 10:28












$begingroup$
No, i think your answer is great and enough . And I tried to upvote your answer, but, apparently i cannot . It says "You cannot vote for this comment" .
$endgroup$
– Ganeshbabu
Feb 2 at 12:54




$begingroup$
No, i think your answer is great and enough . And I tried to upvote your answer, but, apparently i cannot . It says "You cannot vote for this comment" .
$endgroup$
– Ganeshbabu
Feb 2 at 12:54










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















0












$begingroup$

$textit{Just submitting my comments from above as answer to resolve this question.}$





Because in abstract algebra, we often (read almost always) classify things only up to isomorphism. There are many reasons for this, but perhaps the most simple is that we only really care about understanding the structure rather than the specific realisation of this structure. You might have read the statement that there is a unique finite field of each prime power order, but this is a statement only up to isomorphism.



Thus we say that one field is an extension of another, whenever there is an injection from one into the other.



You might have seen before that the Algebraic construction of the complex numbers is given by $mathbb{R}[x] / (x^{2} + 1)$. So technically speaking in this construction, every element of $mathbb{C}$ is a representative for an equivalence class in $mathbb{R}[x]$. Thus you could say that set theoretically, in this construction, $mathbb{C}$ does not literally contain $mathbb{R}$ as a subfield, but there is an obvious injection from $mathbb{R}$ into $mathbb{C}$. Thus $mathbb{R}$ is a subfield of $mathbb{C}$ in the only way it really matters.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$









  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Thank you . Just to clarify, I've accepted this answer and also upvoted it . But, it's not getting displayed since I don't have 15 points yet :) .
    $endgroup$
    – Ganeshbabu
    Feb 2 at 13:08










  • $begingroup$
    @Ganeshbabu oh sure! No worries :)
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 2 at 13:09



















0












$begingroup$

If f is a polynomial of degree d, then an element of $F[x]/(f)$, looks like $a_0+a_1X+...a_{d-1}X^{d-1}$, ie polynomials in F[x] of degree at most d-1. In particular, it contains all polynomials which are constant, ie it contains F.






share|cite|improve this answer









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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes








    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    0












    $begingroup$

    $textit{Just submitting my comments from above as answer to resolve this question.}$





    Because in abstract algebra, we often (read almost always) classify things only up to isomorphism. There are many reasons for this, but perhaps the most simple is that we only really care about understanding the structure rather than the specific realisation of this structure. You might have read the statement that there is a unique finite field of each prime power order, but this is a statement only up to isomorphism.



    Thus we say that one field is an extension of another, whenever there is an injection from one into the other.



    You might have seen before that the Algebraic construction of the complex numbers is given by $mathbb{R}[x] / (x^{2} + 1)$. So technically speaking in this construction, every element of $mathbb{C}$ is a representative for an equivalence class in $mathbb{R}[x]$. Thus you could say that set theoretically, in this construction, $mathbb{C}$ does not literally contain $mathbb{R}$ as a subfield, but there is an obvious injection from $mathbb{R}$ into $mathbb{C}$. Thus $mathbb{R}$ is a subfield of $mathbb{C}$ in the only way it really matters.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$









    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Thank you . Just to clarify, I've accepted this answer and also upvoted it . But, it's not getting displayed since I don't have 15 points yet :) .
      $endgroup$
      – Ganeshbabu
      Feb 2 at 13:08










    • $begingroup$
      @Ganeshbabu oh sure! No worries :)
      $endgroup$
      – Adam Higgins
      Feb 2 at 13:09
















    0












    $begingroup$

    $textit{Just submitting my comments from above as answer to resolve this question.}$





    Because in abstract algebra, we often (read almost always) classify things only up to isomorphism. There are many reasons for this, but perhaps the most simple is that we only really care about understanding the structure rather than the specific realisation of this structure. You might have read the statement that there is a unique finite field of each prime power order, but this is a statement only up to isomorphism.



    Thus we say that one field is an extension of another, whenever there is an injection from one into the other.



    You might have seen before that the Algebraic construction of the complex numbers is given by $mathbb{R}[x] / (x^{2} + 1)$. So technically speaking in this construction, every element of $mathbb{C}$ is a representative for an equivalence class in $mathbb{R}[x]$. Thus you could say that set theoretically, in this construction, $mathbb{C}$ does not literally contain $mathbb{R}$ as a subfield, but there is an obvious injection from $mathbb{R}$ into $mathbb{C}$. Thus $mathbb{R}$ is a subfield of $mathbb{C}$ in the only way it really matters.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$









    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Thank you . Just to clarify, I've accepted this answer and also upvoted it . But, it's not getting displayed since I don't have 15 points yet :) .
      $endgroup$
      – Ganeshbabu
      Feb 2 at 13:08










    • $begingroup$
      @Ganeshbabu oh sure! No worries :)
      $endgroup$
      – Adam Higgins
      Feb 2 at 13:09














    0












    0








    0





    $begingroup$

    $textit{Just submitting my comments from above as answer to resolve this question.}$





    Because in abstract algebra, we often (read almost always) classify things only up to isomorphism. There are many reasons for this, but perhaps the most simple is that we only really care about understanding the structure rather than the specific realisation of this structure. You might have read the statement that there is a unique finite field of each prime power order, but this is a statement only up to isomorphism.



    Thus we say that one field is an extension of another, whenever there is an injection from one into the other.



    You might have seen before that the Algebraic construction of the complex numbers is given by $mathbb{R}[x] / (x^{2} + 1)$. So technically speaking in this construction, every element of $mathbb{C}$ is a representative for an equivalence class in $mathbb{R}[x]$. Thus you could say that set theoretically, in this construction, $mathbb{C}$ does not literally contain $mathbb{R}$ as a subfield, but there is an obvious injection from $mathbb{R}$ into $mathbb{C}$. Thus $mathbb{R}$ is a subfield of $mathbb{C}$ in the only way it really matters.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$



    $textit{Just submitting my comments from above as answer to resolve this question.}$





    Because in abstract algebra, we often (read almost always) classify things only up to isomorphism. There are many reasons for this, but perhaps the most simple is that we only really care about understanding the structure rather than the specific realisation of this structure. You might have read the statement that there is a unique finite field of each prime power order, but this is a statement only up to isomorphism.



    Thus we say that one field is an extension of another, whenever there is an injection from one into the other.



    You might have seen before that the Algebraic construction of the complex numbers is given by $mathbb{R}[x] / (x^{2} + 1)$. So technically speaking in this construction, every element of $mathbb{C}$ is a representative for an equivalence class in $mathbb{R}[x]$. Thus you could say that set theoretically, in this construction, $mathbb{C}$ does not literally contain $mathbb{R}$ as a subfield, but there is an obvious injection from $mathbb{R}$ into $mathbb{C}$. Thus $mathbb{R}$ is a subfield of $mathbb{C}$ in the only way it really matters.







    share|cite|improve this answer












    share|cite|improve this answer



    share|cite|improve this answer










    answered Feb 2 at 12:58









    Adam HigginsAdam Higgins

    615113




    615113








    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Thank you . Just to clarify, I've accepted this answer and also upvoted it . But, it's not getting displayed since I don't have 15 points yet :) .
      $endgroup$
      – Ganeshbabu
      Feb 2 at 13:08










    • $begingroup$
      @Ganeshbabu oh sure! No worries :)
      $endgroup$
      – Adam Higgins
      Feb 2 at 13:09














    • 1




      $begingroup$
      Thank you . Just to clarify, I've accepted this answer and also upvoted it . But, it's not getting displayed since I don't have 15 points yet :) .
      $endgroup$
      – Ganeshbabu
      Feb 2 at 13:08










    • $begingroup$
      @Ganeshbabu oh sure! No worries :)
      $endgroup$
      – Adam Higgins
      Feb 2 at 13:09








    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    Thank you . Just to clarify, I've accepted this answer and also upvoted it . But, it's not getting displayed since I don't have 15 points yet :) .
    $endgroup$
    – Ganeshbabu
    Feb 2 at 13:08




    $begingroup$
    Thank you . Just to clarify, I've accepted this answer and also upvoted it . But, it's not getting displayed since I don't have 15 points yet :) .
    $endgroup$
    – Ganeshbabu
    Feb 2 at 13:08












    $begingroup$
    @Ganeshbabu oh sure! No worries :)
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 2 at 13:09




    $begingroup$
    @Ganeshbabu oh sure! No worries :)
    $endgroup$
    – Adam Higgins
    Feb 2 at 13:09











    0












    $begingroup$

    If f is a polynomial of degree d, then an element of $F[x]/(f)$, looks like $a_0+a_1X+...a_{d-1}X^{d-1}$, ie polynomials in F[x] of degree at most d-1. In particular, it contains all polynomials which are constant, ie it contains F.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$


















      0












      $begingroup$

      If f is a polynomial of degree d, then an element of $F[x]/(f)$, looks like $a_0+a_1X+...a_{d-1}X^{d-1}$, ie polynomials in F[x] of degree at most d-1. In particular, it contains all polynomials which are constant, ie it contains F.






      share|cite|improve this answer









      $endgroup$
















        0












        0








        0





        $begingroup$

        If f is a polynomial of degree d, then an element of $F[x]/(f)$, looks like $a_0+a_1X+...a_{d-1}X^{d-1}$, ie polynomials in F[x] of degree at most d-1. In particular, it contains all polynomials which are constant, ie it contains F.






        share|cite|improve this answer









        $endgroup$



        If f is a polynomial of degree d, then an element of $F[x]/(f)$, looks like $a_0+a_1X+...a_{d-1}X^{d-1}$, ie polynomials in F[x] of degree at most d-1. In particular, it contains all polynomials which are constant, ie it contains F.







        share|cite|improve this answer












        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer










        answered Feb 1 at 9:08









        AlexandrosAlexandros

        1,0151413




        1,0151413






























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