Let a, b, c, d be any four distinct integers such that $a>b>c>d>1$. Show that if $ad=bc$, then...
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Let $a, b, c, d$ be any four distinct integers such that $a>b>c>d>1$.
Show that if $ad=bc$, then $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2$ is composite.
elementary-number-theory divisibility sums-of-squares
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closed as off-topic by user21820, Holo, Did, Xander Henderson, user98602 Feb 2 at 15:56
This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:
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$begingroup$
Let $a, b, c, d$ be any four distinct integers such that $a>b>c>d>1$.
Show that if $ad=bc$, then $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2$ is composite.
elementary-number-theory divisibility sums-of-squares
$endgroup$
closed as off-topic by user21820, Holo, Did, Xander Henderson, user98602 Feb 2 at 15:56
This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:
- "This question is missing context or other details: Please provide additional context, which ideally explains why the question is relevant to you and our community. Some forms of context include: background and motivation, relevant definitions, source, possible strategies, your current progress, why the question is interesting or important, etc." – user21820, Holo, Did, Xander Henderson, Community
If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Let $a, b, c, d$ be any four distinct integers such that $a>b>c>d>1$.
Show that if $ad=bc$, then $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2$ is composite.
elementary-number-theory divisibility sums-of-squares
$endgroup$
Let $a, b, c, d$ be any four distinct integers such that $a>b>c>d>1$.
Show that if $ad=bc$, then $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2$ is composite.
elementary-number-theory divisibility sums-of-squares
elementary-number-theory divisibility sums-of-squares
edited Jan 27 at 10:56


Martin Sleziak
44.9k10122276
44.9k10122276
asked Jan 27 at 8:51


Anson ChanAnson Chan
192
192
closed as off-topic by user21820, Holo, Did, Xander Henderson, user98602 Feb 2 at 15:56
This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:
- "This question is missing context or other details: Please provide additional context, which ideally explains why the question is relevant to you and our community. Some forms of context include: background and motivation, relevant definitions, source, possible strategies, your current progress, why the question is interesting or important, etc." – user21820, Holo, Did, Xander Henderson, Community
If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
closed as off-topic by user21820, Holo, Did, Xander Henderson, user98602 Feb 2 at 15:56
This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:
- "This question is missing context or other details: Please provide additional context, which ideally explains why the question is relevant to you and our community. Some forms of context include: background and motivation, relevant definitions, source, possible strategies, your current progress, why the question is interesting or important, etc." – user21820, Holo, Did, Xander Henderson, Community
If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
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3 Answers
3
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oldest
votes
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Write $d={bcover a}$ and suppose $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2=p$ is prime.
So $$ a^4+a^2(b^2+c^2)+b^2c^2 = pa^2$$
but now $$(a^2+b^2)(a^2+c^2)= pa^2$$ which implies $$pmid a^2+b^2;;;{rm or};;;pmid a^2+c^2$$
But then we get $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2 = pleq a^2+b^2$ or $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2 = pleq a^2+c^2$ which is impossible. So $p$ must be composite.
Note that we did not need arrangment of numbers.
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add a comment |
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It is easy:
$$A = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = left(left(frac{a}{b}right)^2 + 1right) b^2 + left(left(frac{c}{d}right)^2 + 1right) d^2$$
As $frac{a}{b} = frac{c}{d}$:
$$A = left(left(frac{a}{b}right)^2 + 1right) left(b^2 + d^2right)$$
Also:
$$A = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = left(left(frac{b}{a}right)^2 + 1right) a^2 + left(left(frac{d}{c}right)^2 + 1right) c^2 = left(left(frac{b}{a}right)^2 + 1right) left(a^2 + c^2right) $$
Hence:
$$frac{a^2 + b^2}{a^2} left(a^2 + c^2right) = frac{a^2 + b^2}{b^2} left(b^2 + d^2right)Rightarrow frac{a^2 + c^2}{a^2} = frac{b^2 + d^2}{b^2}Rightarrow a^2 + c^2 = frac{(b^2 + d^2)a^2}{b^2}Rightarrow \ b|d text{ or } b|a text{ or } b = pq text{ such that } p | a, q|d$$.
As $b > d$, $b | a$ or the thrid case. For $b | a$, $frac{a}{b}$ is integer, and $A$ is composite. For the third case we have:
$$A = left(frac{a^2+ b^2}{p^2}right)left(frac{b^2+d^2}{q^2}right)$$
As $p|a$ and $q|d$ we can say $A$ is composite in this case.
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How do you know (a/b) is an integer?
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– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 8:56
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I have the same question as Erik.
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– Maria Mazur
Jan 27 at 9:03
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@ErikParkinson it's updated.
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– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
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@greedoid it's updated.
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– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
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Awesome, looks great!
$endgroup$
– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 9:10
|
show 3 more comments
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Since $amid bc$, we know that $left.frac{a}{(a,b)}middle|frac{b}{(a,b)}cright.$. Since $frac{a}{(a,b)}$ and $frac{b}{(a,b)}$ are relatively prime, we have $left.frac{a}{(a,b)}middle|,cright.$. Therefore,
$$
bbox[5px,border:2px solid #C0A000]{a^n+b^n+c^n+d^n=left(frac{b^n}{(a,b)^n}+frac{a^n}{(a,b)^n}right)left((a,b)^n+frac{c^n(a,b)^n}{a^n}right)}tag1
$$
$endgroup$
add a comment |
3 Answers
3
active
oldest
votes
3 Answers
3
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
Write $d={bcover a}$ and suppose $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2=p$ is prime.
So $$ a^4+a^2(b^2+c^2)+b^2c^2 = pa^2$$
but now $$(a^2+b^2)(a^2+c^2)= pa^2$$ which implies $$pmid a^2+b^2;;;{rm or};;;pmid a^2+c^2$$
But then we get $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2 = pleq a^2+b^2$ or $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2 = pleq a^2+c^2$ which is impossible. So $p$ must be composite.
Note that we did not need arrangment of numbers.
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Write $d={bcover a}$ and suppose $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2=p$ is prime.
So $$ a^4+a^2(b^2+c^2)+b^2c^2 = pa^2$$
but now $$(a^2+b^2)(a^2+c^2)= pa^2$$ which implies $$pmid a^2+b^2;;;{rm or};;;pmid a^2+c^2$$
But then we get $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2 = pleq a^2+b^2$ or $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2 = pleq a^2+c^2$ which is impossible. So $p$ must be composite.
Note that we did not need arrangment of numbers.
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Write $d={bcover a}$ and suppose $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2=p$ is prime.
So $$ a^4+a^2(b^2+c^2)+b^2c^2 = pa^2$$
but now $$(a^2+b^2)(a^2+c^2)= pa^2$$ which implies $$pmid a^2+b^2;;;{rm or};;;pmid a^2+c^2$$
But then we get $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2 = pleq a^2+b^2$ or $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2 = pleq a^2+c^2$ which is impossible. So $p$ must be composite.
Note that we did not need arrangment of numbers.
$endgroup$
Write $d={bcover a}$ and suppose $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2=p$ is prime.
So $$ a^4+a^2(b^2+c^2)+b^2c^2 = pa^2$$
but now $$(a^2+b^2)(a^2+c^2)= pa^2$$ which implies $$pmid a^2+b^2;;;{rm or};;;pmid a^2+c^2$$
But then we get $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2 = pleq a^2+b^2$ or $a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2 = pleq a^2+c^2$ which is impossible. So $p$ must be composite.
Note that we did not need arrangment of numbers.
edited Jan 27 at 13:08
answered Jan 27 at 9:02


Maria MazurMaria Mazur
48.3k1260121
48.3k1260121
add a comment |
add a comment |
$begingroup$
It is easy:
$$A = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = left(left(frac{a}{b}right)^2 + 1right) b^2 + left(left(frac{c}{d}right)^2 + 1right) d^2$$
As $frac{a}{b} = frac{c}{d}$:
$$A = left(left(frac{a}{b}right)^2 + 1right) left(b^2 + d^2right)$$
Also:
$$A = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = left(left(frac{b}{a}right)^2 + 1right) a^2 + left(left(frac{d}{c}right)^2 + 1right) c^2 = left(left(frac{b}{a}right)^2 + 1right) left(a^2 + c^2right) $$
Hence:
$$frac{a^2 + b^2}{a^2} left(a^2 + c^2right) = frac{a^2 + b^2}{b^2} left(b^2 + d^2right)Rightarrow frac{a^2 + c^2}{a^2} = frac{b^2 + d^2}{b^2}Rightarrow a^2 + c^2 = frac{(b^2 + d^2)a^2}{b^2}Rightarrow \ b|d text{ or } b|a text{ or } b = pq text{ such that } p | a, q|d$$.
As $b > d$, $b | a$ or the thrid case. For $b | a$, $frac{a}{b}$ is integer, and $A$ is composite. For the third case we have:
$$A = left(frac{a^2+ b^2}{p^2}right)left(frac{b^2+d^2}{q^2}right)$$
As $p|a$ and $q|d$ we can say $A$ is composite in this case.
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How do you know (a/b) is an integer?
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– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 8:56
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I have the same question as Erik.
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– Maria Mazur
Jan 27 at 9:03
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@ErikParkinson it's updated.
$endgroup$
– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
$begingroup$
@greedoid it's updated.
$endgroup$
– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
$begingroup$
Awesome, looks great!
$endgroup$
– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 9:10
|
show 3 more comments
$begingroup$
It is easy:
$$A = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = left(left(frac{a}{b}right)^2 + 1right) b^2 + left(left(frac{c}{d}right)^2 + 1right) d^2$$
As $frac{a}{b} = frac{c}{d}$:
$$A = left(left(frac{a}{b}right)^2 + 1right) left(b^2 + d^2right)$$
Also:
$$A = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = left(left(frac{b}{a}right)^2 + 1right) a^2 + left(left(frac{d}{c}right)^2 + 1right) c^2 = left(left(frac{b}{a}right)^2 + 1right) left(a^2 + c^2right) $$
Hence:
$$frac{a^2 + b^2}{a^2} left(a^2 + c^2right) = frac{a^2 + b^2}{b^2} left(b^2 + d^2right)Rightarrow frac{a^2 + c^2}{a^2} = frac{b^2 + d^2}{b^2}Rightarrow a^2 + c^2 = frac{(b^2 + d^2)a^2}{b^2}Rightarrow \ b|d text{ or } b|a text{ or } b = pq text{ such that } p | a, q|d$$.
As $b > d$, $b | a$ or the thrid case. For $b | a$, $frac{a}{b}$ is integer, and $A$ is composite. For the third case we have:
$$A = left(frac{a^2+ b^2}{p^2}right)left(frac{b^2+d^2}{q^2}right)$$
As $p|a$ and $q|d$ we can say $A$ is composite in this case.
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
How do you know (a/b) is an integer?
$endgroup$
– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 8:56
$begingroup$
I have the same question as Erik.
$endgroup$
– Maria Mazur
Jan 27 at 9:03
$begingroup$
@ErikParkinson it's updated.
$endgroup$
– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
$begingroup$
@greedoid it's updated.
$endgroup$
– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
$begingroup$
Awesome, looks great!
$endgroup$
– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 9:10
|
show 3 more comments
$begingroup$
It is easy:
$$A = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = left(left(frac{a}{b}right)^2 + 1right) b^2 + left(left(frac{c}{d}right)^2 + 1right) d^2$$
As $frac{a}{b} = frac{c}{d}$:
$$A = left(left(frac{a}{b}right)^2 + 1right) left(b^2 + d^2right)$$
Also:
$$A = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = left(left(frac{b}{a}right)^2 + 1right) a^2 + left(left(frac{d}{c}right)^2 + 1right) c^2 = left(left(frac{b}{a}right)^2 + 1right) left(a^2 + c^2right) $$
Hence:
$$frac{a^2 + b^2}{a^2} left(a^2 + c^2right) = frac{a^2 + b^2}{b^2} left(b^2 + d^2right)Rightarrow frac{a^2 + c^2}{a^2} = frac{b^2 + d^2}{b^2}Rightarrow a^2 + c^2 = frac{(b^2 + d^2)a^2}{b^2}Rightarrow \ b|d text{ or } b|a text{ or } b = pq text{ such that } p | a, q|d$$.
As $b > d$, $b | a$ or the thrid case. For $b | a$, $frac{a}{b}$ is integer, and $A$ is composite. For the third case we have:
$$A = left(frac{a^2+ b^2}{p^2}right)left(frac{b^2+d^2}{q^2}right)$$
As $p|a$ and $q|d$ we can say $A$ is composite in this case.
$endgroup$
It is easy:
$$A = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = left(left(frac{a}{b}right)^2 + 1right) b^2 + left(left(frac{c}{d}right)^2 + 1right) d^2$$
As $frac{a}{b} = frac{c}{d}$:
$$A = left(left(frac{a}{b}right)^2 + 1right) left(b^2 + d^2right)$$
Also:
$$A = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = left(left(frac{b}{a}right)^2 + 1right) a^2 + left(left(frac{d}{c}right)^2 + 1right) c^2 = left(left(frac{b}{a}right)^2 + 1right) left(a^2 + c^2right) $$
Hence:
$$frac{a^2 + b^2}{a^2} left(a^2 + c^2right) = frac{a^2 + b^2}{b^2} left(b^2 + d^2right)Rightarrow frac{a^2 + c^2}{a^2} = frac{b^2 + d^2}{b^2}Rightarrow a^2 + c^2 = frac{(b^2 + d^2)a^2}{b^2}Rightarrow \ b|d text{ or } b|a text{ or } b = pq text{ such that } p | a, q|d$$.
As $b > d$, $b | a$ or the thrid case. For $b | a$, $frac{a}{b}$ is integer, and $A$ is composite. For the third case we have:
$$A = left(frac{a^2+ b^2}{p^2}right)left(frac{b^2+d^2}{q^2}right)$$
As $p|a$ and $q|d$ we can say $A$ is composite in this case.
edited Jan 28 at 13:01
answered Jan 27 at 8:55


OmGOmG
2,512824
2,512824
$begingroup$
How do you know (a/b) is an integer?
$endgroup$
– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 8:56
$begingroup$
I have the same question as Erik.
$endgroup$
– Maria Mazur
Jan 27 at 9:03
$begingroup$
@ErikParkinson it's updated.
$endgroup$
– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
$begingroup$
@greedoid it's updated.
$endgroup$
– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
$begingroup$
Awesome, looks great!
$endgroup$
– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 9:10
|
show 3 more comments
$begingroup$
How do you know (a/b) is an integer?
$endgroup$
– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 8:56
$begingroup$
I have the same question as Erik.
$endgroup$
– Maria Mazur
Jan 27 at 9:03
$begingroup$
@ErikParkinson it's updated.
$endgroup$
– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
$begingroup$
@greedoid it's updated.
$endgroup$
– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
$begingroup$
Awesome, looks great!
$endgroup$
– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 9:10
$begingroup$
How do you know (a/b) is an integer?
$endgroup$
– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 8:56
$begingroup$
How do you know (a/b) is an integer?
$endgroup$
– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 8:56
$begingroup$
I have the same question as Erik.
$endgroup$
– Maria Mazur
Jan 27 at 9:03
$begingroup$
I have the same question as Erik.
$endgroup$
– Maria Mazur
Jan 27 at 9:03
$begingroup$
@ErikParkinson it's updated.
$endgroup$
– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
$begingroup$
@ErikParkinson it's updated.
$endgroup$
– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
$begingroup$
@greedoid it's updated.
$endgroup$
– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
$begingroup$
@greedoid it's updated.
$endgroup$
– OmG
Jan 27 at 9:08
$begingroup$
Awesome, looks great!
$endgroup$
– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 9:10
$begingroup$
Awesome, looks great!
$endgroup$
– Erik Parkinson
Jan 27 at 9:10
|
show 3 more comments
$begingroup$
Since $amid bc$, we know that $left.frac{a}{(a,b)}middle|frac{b}{(a,b)}cright.$. Since $frac{a}{(a,b)}$ and $frac{b}{(a,b)}$ are relatively prime, we have $left.frac{a}{(a,b)}middle|,cright.$. Therefore,
$$
bbox[5px,border:2px solid #C0A000]{a^n+b^n+c^n+d^n=left(frac{b^n}{(a,b)^n}+frac{a^n}{(a,b)^n}right)left((a,b)^n+frac{c^n(a,b)^n}{a^n}right)}tag1
$$
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Since $amid bc$, we know that $left.frac{a}{(a,b)}middle|frac{b}{(a,b)}cright.$. Since $frac{a}{(a,b)}$ and $frac{b}{(a,b)}$ are relatively prime, we have $left.frac{a}{(a,b)}middle|,cright.$. Therefore,
$$
bbox[5px,border:2px solid #C0A000]{a^n+b^n+c^n+d^n=left(frac{b^n}{(a,b)^n}+frac{a^n}{(a,b)^n}right)left((a,b)^n+frac{c^n(a,b)^n}{a^n}right)}tag1
$$
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Since $amid bc$, we know that $left.frac{a}{(a,b)}middle|frac{b}{(a,b)}cright.$. Since $frac{a}{(a,b)}$ and $frac{b}{(a,b)}$ are relatively prime, we have $left.frac{a}{(a,b)}middle|,cright.$. Therefore,
$$
bbox[5px,border:2px solid #C0A000]{a^n+b^n+c^n+d^n=left(frac{b^n}{(a,b)^n}+frac{a^n}{(a,b)^n}right)left((a,b)^n+frac{c^n(a,b)^n}{a^n}right)}tag1
$$
$endgroup$
Since $amid bc$, we know that $left.frac{a}{(a,b)}middle|frac{b}{(a,b)}cright.$. Since $frac{a}{(a,b)}$ and $frac{b}{(a,b)}$ are relatively prime, we have $left.frac{a}{(a,b)}middle|,cright.$. Therefore,
$$
bbox[5px,border:2px solid #C0A000]{a^n+b^n+c^n+d^n=left(frac{b^n}{(a,b)^n}+frac{a^n}{(a,b)^n}right)left((a,b)^n+frac{c^n(a,b)^n}{a^n}right)}tag1
$$
edited Jan 27 at 15:18
answered Jan 27 at 14:59
robjohn♦robjohn
270k27311639
270k27311639
add a comment |
add a comment |